Institute of Psychiatry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Psychiatry Res. 2012 Feb 28;195(3):91-106. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.05.020. Epub 2011 Jun 25.
Primary care plays a key role in the detection and management of depression and anxiety. At present it is not clear if the prevalence of depression and anxiety in primary care differs between migrants and ethnic minorities (MI) and natives and ethnic majorities (MA). A systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies comparing the prevalence of depression and anxiety in MI and MA in primary care were performed. Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE, PsychINFO, EMBASE and through hand-search. We included 25 studies, most of which had a relatively small sample size. Significant variations were found in the prevalence of anxiety and depression across studies. Pooled analyses were carried out for 23 studies, based on random-effects models. Pooled RR of depression and anxiety in MI were 1.21 (95% CI 1.04-1.40, p=0.012) and 1.01 (95% CI 0.76-1.32, p=0.971), with high heterogeneity (I²=87.2% and I²=73%). Differences in prevalence rates among studies can be accounted for by inclusion criteria, sampling methods, diagnostic instruments and study design. Further research on larger samples and with culturally adapted instruments is needed to estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety in MI seeking help for these disorders.
初级保健在抑郁症和焦虑症的检测和管理中起着关键作用。目前尚不清楚初级保健中移民和少数民族（MI）与本地人及多数族裔（MA）的抑郁和焦虑患病率是否存在差异。我们对比较初级保健中 MI 和 MA 抑郁和焦虑患病率的研究进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。通过搜索 MEDLINE、PsychINFO、EMBASE 以及手动搜索来确定研究。我们纳入了 25 项研究，其中大多数研究的样本量相对较小。研究之间的焦虑和抑郁患病率存在显著差异。基于随机效应模型，对 23 项研究进行了汇总分析。MI 中抑郁和焦虑的汇总 RR 分别为 1.21（95%CI 1.04-1.40，p=0.012）和 1.01（95%CI 0.76-1.32，p=0.971），异质性较高（I²=87.2%和 I²=73%）。研究之间患病率的差异可以归因于纳入标准、抽样方法、诊断工具和研究设计。需要进一步对更大样本量和使用文化适应的工具进行研究，以估计 MI 中寻求这些障碍治疗的抑郁和焦虑的患病率。
