Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2011 Nov;101(5):974-92. doi: 10.1037/a0024150.
One of the core assumptions of attachment theory is that attachment representations are stable over time. Unfortunately, the data on attachment stability have been ambiguous, and as a result, alternative theoretical perspectives have evolved to explain them. The objective of the present research was to evaluate alternative models of stability by studying adults in 2 intensive longitudinal investigations. Specifically, we assessed attachment representations in 1 sample (N = 203) daily over a 30-day period and in the other sample (N = 388) weekly over a year. Analyses show that the patterns of stability that exist in adult attachment are most consistent with a prototype model--a model assuming that there is a stable factor underlying temporary variations in attachment. Moreover, although the Big Five personality traits exhibited a pattern of stability that was similar to that of attachment, they did not account for the stability observed in attachment.
依恋理论的核心假设之一是，依恋表征在时间上是稳定的。不幸的是，依恋稳定性的数据一直存在歧义，因此，出现了替代理论观点来解释这些数据。本研究的目的是通过对 2 项密集纵向研究中的成年人进行评估，来评估替代的稳定性模型。具体来说，我们在一个样本（N=203）中每天评估依恋表征，在另一个样本（N=388）中每周评估一次，为期一年。分析表明，成人依恋中存在的稳定性模式最符合原型模型——一种假设存在一个稳定因素，该因素可以解释依恋中暂时变化的模型。此外，尽管大五人格特质表现出与依恋相似的稳定性模式，但它们并不能解释在依恋中观察到的稳定性。
