Shiraishi Nao, Murakami Mikihiko, Goto Yoshitaka, Kitamura Toshinori
Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya Japan.
Kumamoto Paediatric Association Kumamoto Japan.
PCN Rep. 2022 Jul 1;1(3):e22. doi: 10.1002/pcn5.22. eCollection 2022 Sep.
Parenting styles are determinants of psychosocial maladjustment in the subsequent generation. Modifiable factors that positively impact intergenerational transmission should be identified. Thus, this study investigated the mediating effects of adult attachment on the transmission of child-rearing styles and the combined impact of fathers' and mothers' styles on their offspring's parenting.
Overall, 396 fathers and 733 mothers participated. They were married or cohabiting when their children aged 0-10 years attended a pediatric office in Japan. The pediatricians distributed the self-report questionnaires to examine perceived rearing (the Parental Bonding Instrument), adult attachment (the Relationship Questionnaire), and demographic characteristics. We then analyzed the data using structural equation modeling that illustrated intergenerational transmission of rearing styles between grandparents and parents.
Overall, 385 fathers ( = 35.5 years, SD = 6.0) and 699 mothers ( = 33.5 years, SD = 5.1) satisfied the eligibility criteria. The path models showed that adult attachment to partners mediated grandparental and parental care. However, no mediating effect was observed in other intergenerational patterns that transmitted overprotective rearing styles. Additionally, combined grandfather and grandmother care were positively associated with parental overprotection.
This study suggested the potential of adult attachment in mediating loving, empathic, and warm rearing styles and the combined effects of both parents' styles on promoting the next-generation parents' overprotective styles. Our findings clarify how to terminate the negative chain of the parent-child transmission.
养育方式是下一代心理社会适应不良的决定因素。应确定对代际传递有积极影响的可改变因素。因此，本研究调查了成人依恋在育儿方式传递中的中介作用，以及父亲和母亲的养育方式对其后代养育方式的综合影响。
共有396名父亲和733名母亲参与。当他们0至10岁的孩子在日本的一家儿科诊所就诊时，他们处于已婚或同居状态。儿科医生发放了自我报告问卷，以调查感知到的养育方式（父母养育方式问卷）、成人依恋（关系问卷）和人口统计学特征。然后，我们使用结构方程模型分析数据，该模型说明了祖父母和父母之间养育方式的代际传递。
总体而言，385名父亲（平均年龄=35.5岁，标准差=6.0）和699名母亲（平均年龄=33.5岁，标准差=5.1）符合入选标准。路径模型显示，对伴侣的成人依恋介导了祖父母和父母的关爱。然而，在传递过度保护养育方式的其他代际模式中未观察到中介效应。此外，祖父母的联合关爱与父母的过度保护呈正相关。
本研究表明成人依恋在介导关爱、共情和温暖的养育方式方面具有潜力，以及父母双方养育方式对促进下一代父母过度保护方式的综合影响。我们的研究结果阐明了如何终止亲子传递的负面链条。
