Department of Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Psychol Health. 2012;27(7):784-97. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2011.582114. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
This study investigated the role of coping plans and the use of selection, optimisation and compensation (SOC) strategies within an experimental evaluation of a 26-week physical exercise intervention.
Older women (N=86, M (age)=73.7 years) were randomly assigned to a telephone-assisted or a self-administered coping planning intervention after 6 weeks' participation in an exercise programme. The number of different coping plans formulated, exercise-specific SOC strategy use and their interaction were used to predict objectively measured long-term adherence to the intervention.
The number of coping plans formulated (β=0.28) and goal-pursuit strategies reported (sum score of optimisation and compensation strategies, β=0.39) predicted adherence to the exercise programme over 20 weeks. The predictive strength of coping plans increased with decreasing numbers of goal-pursuit strategies (β=-0.21). Women supported via telephone reported significantly more coping plans than did women in the self-administered coping planning group, F(1,80)=9.47, p=0.003.
Coping plans have a buffering effect on adherence levels when use of SOC strategies is low. Older women's adherence to physical activities may be improved if they are given direct support in generating coping plans involving strategies of selection, optimisation and compensation.
本研究在一项为期 26 周的身体锻炼干预实验评估中，考察了应对计划的作用以及选择、优化和补偿（SOC）策略的使用。
86 名老年女性（N=86，M（年龄）=73.7 岁）在参加 6 周的锻炼计划后，随机分配到电话辅助或自我管理应对计划干预组。制定的不同应对计划的数量、针对特定运动的 SOC 策略的使用及其相互作用，用于预测对干预措施的长期坚持情况。
制定的应对计划数量（β=0.28）和报告的目标追求策略（优化和补偿策略的总分，β=0.39）预测了 20 周内对锻炼计划的坚持。应对计划数量的减少会增加应对计划的预测强度（β=-0.21）。与自我管理应对计划组相比，通过电话提供支持的女性制定的应对计划显著更多，F（1,80）=9.47，p=0.003。
当 SOC 策略的使用较少时，应对计划对坚持水平具有缓冲作用。如果能为老年女性提供涉及选择、优化和补偿策略的应对计划制定的直接支持，她们对身体活动的坚持度可能会提高。
