Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Cogn Emot. 2012;26(1):153-65. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2011.563521. Epub 2011 Jun 28.
The present experimental analogue study used computerised attention training to investigate the role of attention bias in the prediction of intrusive memories. After exposure to a trauma film, participants in a training group (n=22) were presented with a variant of the exogenic cueing task (ECT) in which visual film reminders (i.e., stills from the trauma film) were always presented during invalid and neutral control stimuli always during valid trials. The purpose of this cue-location contingency was reinforcing the direction of attention away from film reminders. Control participants (n=23) performed a similar training without such a contingency. Post-training processing bias was assessed with a single target Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) task, in which trauma-film reminders served as task-irrelevant distracters appearing shortly before a neutral target. The frequency of film-related intrusions was recorded in a take-home diary and at a follow-up session three days after film viewing. Participants who underwent attention training reported fewer film-related intrusions and showed less interference by visual film distracters than controls. Implications for research on attention bias after real-life trauma are discussed.
本实验模拟研究使用计算机化注意训练来探究注意偏向在侵入性记忆预测中的作用。在观看创伤影片后，训练组（n=22）的参与者接受了外源性线索任务（ECT）的变体，其中视觉影片提示（即创伤影片的静止图像）始终在无效和中性控制刺激期间呈现，而总是在有效试验中呈现。这种线索位置的关联旨在加强注意力远离影片提示的方向。对照组（n=23）则在没有这种关联的情况下进行了类似的训练。在单一目标快速序列视觉呈现（RSVP）任务中评估了训练后的处理偏向，在该任务中，创伤影片提示作为任务无关的分心物，在中性目标之前短暂出现。在家庭日记和观看影片三天后的随访中记录了与影片相关的侵入性记忆的频率。接受注意训练的参与者报告的与影片相关的侵入性记忆较少，并且视觉影片分心物的干扰也少于对照组。讨论了对现实生活创伤后注意偏向的研究的启示。
