Grzywacz A, Pape T, Szpila K
Department of Animal Ecology, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 9, Toruń, Poland.
Med Vet Entomol. 2012 Mar;26(1):70-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.00968.x. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
The morphology of all larval instars of Fannia canicularis (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Fanniidae) is documented using a combination of light and scanning electron microscopy. The following structures are documented for all instars: antennal complex; maxillary palpus; facial mask; cephaloskeleton; ventral organ; anterior spiracle; Keilin's organ; posterior spiracle; fleshy processes, and anal pad. Structures reported for the first time for all instars include: two pairs of lateral prominences on the prothoracic segment; additional ventrolateral prominences on the second thoracic segment, and a papilla at the base of the posterior spiracle. Other structures reported for the first time are anterior spiracles in the first instar and a serrated tip on the mouthhook in the second instar. A trichoid sensillum on the posterior spiracular plate, representing a sensory organ otherwise unknown in the Calyptratae, is described in the second and third instars. Results are discussed and compared with existing knowledge on dipteran larval morphology.
利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜相结合的方法，记录了厕蝇（Fannia canicularis (Linnaeus)，双翅目：厕蝇科）所有龄期幼虫的形态。记录了所有龄期幼虫的以下结构：触角复合体；下颚须；面罩；头壳；腹器；前气门；凯林氏器；后气门；肉质突起和肛垫。首次记录到所有龄期幼虫都具有的结构包括：前胸节上的两对侧突；第二胸节上额外的腹外侧突，以及后气门基部的一个乳头状突起。其他首次记录到的结构是一龄幼虫的前气门和二龄幼虫口钩上的锯齿状尖端。在二龄和三龄幼虫中描述了后气门板上的一个毛形感器，这是在有瓣蝇类中其他未知的一种感觉器官。对结果进行了讨论，并与双翅目幼虫形态学的现有知识进行了比较。
