Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada and Center for Research on Pain, The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2011;97:143-77. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-385198-7.00006-0.
Many surgical and dental procedures depend on use of local anesthetics to reversibly eliminate pain. By the blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels, local anesthetics prevent the transmission of nociceptive information. However, since all local anesthetics act non-selectively on all types of axons they also cause a loss of innocuous sensation, motor paralysis and autonomic block. Thus, approaches that produce only a selective blockade of pain fibers are of great potential clinical importance. In this chapter we will review the recent findings describing mechanisms of pain transduction and transmission and introduce novel therapeutic approaches to produce pain-selective analgesia.
许多外科和牙科手术都依赖于局部麻醉剂的使用，以可逆地消除疼痛。通过阻断电压门控钠离子通道，局部麻醉剂阻止了伤害性信息的传递。然而，由于所有的局部麻醉剂都会非选择性地作用于所有类型的轴突，它们也会导致无害感觉的丧失、运动麻痹和自主神经阻滞。因此，产生仅对疼痛纤维选择性阻滞的方法具有重要的潜在临床意义。在本章中，我们将回顾描述疼痛转导和传递机制的最新发现，并介绍产生疼痛选择性镇痛的新的治疗方法。
