University of Liverpool, Cancer Research Centre, 200 London Road, Liverpool L3 9TA, UK.
J Cell Sci. 2011 Jul 15;124(Pt 14):2323-34. doi: 10.1242/jcs.087106.
Dynamic control of protein phosphorylation is necessary for the regulation of many cellular processes, including mitosis and cytokinesis. Indeed, although the central role of protein kinases is widely appreciated and intensely studied, the importance of protein phosphatases is often overlooked. Recent studies, however, have highlighted the considerable role of protein phosphatases in both the spatial and temporal control of protein kinase activity, and the modulation of substrate phosphorylation. Here, we will focus on recent advances in our understanding of phosphatase structure, and the importance of phosphatase function in the control of mitotic spindle formation, chromosome architecture and cohesion, and cell division.
蛋白质磷酸化的动态调控对于许多细胞过程的调节是必要的，包括有丝分裂和胞质分裂。事实上，尽管蛋白激酶的核心作用得到了广泛的认可和深入的研究，但蛋白磷酸酶的重要性往往被忽视。然而，最近的研究强调了蛋白磷酸酶在蛋白激酶活性的空间和时间控制以及底物磷酸化的调节中的重要作用。在这里，我们将重点介绍我们在理解磷酸酶结构方面的最新进展，以及磷酸酶功能在控制有丝分裂纺锤体形成、染色体结构和凝聚以及细胞分裂方面的重要性。
