Berkman M, Tran M
Sem Hop. 1978;54(37-40):1167-70.
A salt-free diet is usually useless or dangerous in the elderly subject. It has at present only rare indications, such as after acute pulmonary oedema or congestive heart failure during initial treatment. In all other cases, it may be replaced by a reasonable diet; sodium intake remains permitted, but naturally one should not fall in the opposite extreme. As in younger subjects, and provided one takes into consideration the subjacent renal condition, properly prescribed diuretics have transformed the situation in the treatment of heart failure as in essential hypertension. Naturally the patient still requires regular clinical supervision and laboratory tests which may in practice be limited to periodical estimation of blood urea and serum potassium, less regularly, blood sugar and uric acid.
无盐饮食对老年患者通常无用或有害。目前其适应证极少，如急性肺水肿或充血性心力衰竭初始治疗期间。在所有其他情况下，可用合理饮食替代；允许摄入钠，但自然不应走向另一个极端。与年轻患者一样，只要考虑到潜在的肾脏状况，合理使用利尿剂已改变了心力衰竭和原发性高血压的治疗局面。当然，患者仍需要定期临床监测和实验室检查，实际上可能仅限于定期测定血尿素和血钾，血糖和尿酸检查则次数较少。
