Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
J Appl Oral Sci. 2011 Aug;19(4):396-402. doi: 10.1590/s1678-77572011005000016. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
The aims of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of sealant placement under the guidelines of the Oral Health Promotion Program for Children and Adolescents (Portugal), and to test the influence of clinical and socioeconomic variables on the DMFT increment in 277 children, born in 1997.
A dental hygienist performed the initial examinations and sealant placement (Helioseal, Vivadent) on the permanent first molars in 2005. These activities were registered in dental records that were assessed in 2007. Children were classified according to caries risk at baseline [high (HR: DMFT+dmft>0); low (LR: DMFT+dmft=0) risk] and sealant placement as follows: HR-S and LR-S Groups (with sealant placement); HR-NS and LR-NS Groups (without sealant placement). A calibrated dentist performed the final examination in 2007 at school, based on the World Health Organization recommendations. The variables collected were: dental caries, visible dental plaque, malocclusions, and socioeconomic level (questionnaire sent to children's parents). For univariate (Chi-square or Fisher tests) and multivariate (Multiple logistic regression) analyses the DMFT increment >0 was selected as dependent variable.
Approximately 17.0% of the children showed DMFT increment>0 (mean=0.25). High-risk children presented a significant increase in the number of decayed and/or filled teeth. These children had 7.94 more chance of developing caries. Children who did not receive sealant were 1.8 more prone to have DMFT increment >0.
It appears that sealant placement was effective in preventing dental caries development. Moreover, the variables "risk" and "sealant placement" were predictors for DMFT increment in the studied children.
本研究旨在调查根据《儿童和青少年口腔健康促进计划》（葡萄牙）的指导方针放置密封剂的效果，并检验临床和社会经济变量对 277 名 1997 年出生的儿童 DMFT 增量的影响。
一名牙科保健员于 2005 年对恒牙第一磨牙进行了初始检查和密封剂放置（Helioseal，Vivadent）。这些活动被记录在牙科记录中，并于 2007 年进行评估。根据基线时的龋齿风险（高风险 [HR：DMFT+dmft>0]；低风险 [LR：DMFT+dmft=0]）和密封剂放置情况对儿童进行分类：HR-S 和 LR-S 组（有密封剂放置）；HR-NS 和 LR-NS 组（无密封剂放置）。一名经过校准的牙医根据世界卫生组织的建议在 2007 年在学校进行了最终检查。收集的变量包括：龋齿、可见牙菌斑、错畸形和社会经济水平（向儿童家长发送问卷）。对于单变量（卡方或 Fisher 检验）和多变量（多变量逻辑回归）分析，选择 DMFT 增量>0 作为因变量。
约 17.0%的儿童出现 DMFT 增量>0（均值=0.25）。高风险儿童的龋齿和/或已填充牙齿数量显著增加。这些儿童发生龋齿的可能性增加了 7.94 倍。未接受密封剂的儿童发生 DMFT 增量>0 的可能性增加了 1.8 倍。
放置密封剂似乎能有效预防龋齿的发生。此外，“风险”和“密封剂放置”这两个变量是研究儿童 DMFT 增量的预测因子。
