Department of Radiology, Izmir Research and Training Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2011 Jan-Feb;25(1):30-5. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3552.
The anatomy of the paranasal sinus is significantly different between adults and children, and surgeons must be aware of these differences to safely perform pediatric functional endoscopic sinus surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the normal dimensions of the paranasal sinuses during development using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data compiled from the largest cohort to date.
The records of 2025 children, aged 0-18 years, who underwent cranial MRI, were examined retrospectively and 1452 patients with no history of sinus disease were included in the study. Coronal, axial, and sagittal images were used to measure the dimensions of the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, and sphenoid sinuses, and the sinus volume index was measured. Patients were divided into 10 cohorts based on their age at the time of the scan.
No difference between left and right one-dimensional measurements and volume indexes for the maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid, and frontal sinuses was observed in any age group. Initial signs of pneumatization were observed at birth for the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses, at 9 months for sphenoid sinus, and after the age of 5 years for the frontal sinus.
These results will help physicians correlate the clinical and radiographic findings of pediatric patients who are being evaluated for sinus disease and potential surgical intervention. Knowledge of the variations in the size of the paranasal sinuses is essential for determining the significance of incidental findings.
成人和儿童的鼻窦解剖结构有显著差异，外科医生必须了解这些差异，才能安全地进行小儿功能性鼻窦内镜手术。本研究旨在通过迄今为止最大队列的磁共振成像 (MRI) 数据，确定鼻窦在发育过程中的正常尺寸。
回顾性检查了 2025 名 0-18 岁儿童的头颅 MRI 记录，共纳入了 1452 名无鼻窦病史的患者。使用冠状位、轴位和矢状位图像测量了额窦、上颌窦、筛窦和蝶窦的尺寸，并测量了窦腔容积指数。根据扫描时的年龄将患者分为 10 个队列。
在任何年龄组中，都没有观察到左右侧一维测量和上颌窦、蝶窦、筛窦和额窦的容积指数存在差异。在出生时，上颌窦和筛窦就出现了气腔化的初始迹象，蝶窦在 9 个月时出现，额窦则在 5 岁后出现。
这些结果将有助于医生将接受鼻窦疾病评估和潜在手术干预的儿科患者的临床和影像学发现进行关联。了解鼻窦大小的变化对于确定偶然发现的意义至关重要。
