Zhang Hong-Liang
Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2011 Jan;2(1):105-7. doi: 10.4103/0976-3147.80089.
A placebo is a sham medical intervention that can produce a placebo effect. Laboratory evidence supports the existence of several mechanisms of placebo effects in both healthy population and patients with a variety of medical conditions. The ethics of placebos have long been debated. However, accumulating ethical concern has arisen from the worldwide use of placebo in randomized control trials (RCTs), which may render their participants without early and optimal treatment. Although the pilgrimage of placebo is still on the way, refinement of controls in RCTs is worth paying new attention to.
安慰剂是一种虚假的医学干预手段，可产生安慰剂效应。实验室证据支持在健康人群和患有各种疾病的患者中存在多种安慰剂效应机制。安慰剂的伦理问题长期以来一直存在争议。然而，由于安慰剂在全球范围内用于随机对照试验（RCT），引发了越来越多的伦理担忧，这可能会使试验参与者无法获得早期和最佳治疗。尽管安慰剂的使用仍在继续，但随机对照试验中对照方法的改进值得重新关注。
