Center for Child and Family Studies, Leiden University, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands.
Biol Psychol. 2011 Sep;88(1):37-40. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.06.005. Epub 2011 Jun 29.
Maternal sensitive responsiveness and extreme insensitivity only partly explain the variance in attachment security. Differences in attachment security may well be rooted in the interplay of genetic variations and environmental factors. The association between parenting (observed sensitive responsiveness and extreme insensitivity) and attachment security (assessed with the Strange Situation Procedure) was hypothesized to be moderated by genes involved in the regulation of the stress response: the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) genes. A significant G×E interaction was found: infants carrying the minor MR allele (G) were significantly more securely attached if their mothers showed more sensitive responsiveness and significantly less securely attached if their mothers showed more extremely insensitive behaviors. These associations were not significant for carriers of the AA genotype of MR. Findings are discussed from a differential susceptibility perspective.
母亲敏感反应和极度不敏感只能部分解释依恋安全性的差异。依恋安全性的差异很可能源于遗传变异和环境因素的相互作用。假设父母教养（观察到的敏感反应和极度不敏感）与依恋安全性（用陌生情境程序评估）之间的关联受参与应激反应调节的基因的调节：糖皮质激素受体（GR）和盐皮质激素受体（MR）基因。发现了一个显著的 G×E 相互作用：如果母亲表现出更多的敏感反应，携带 MR 基因次要等位基因（G）的婴儿会更安全地依恋，如果母亲表现出更多的极度不敏感行为，婴儿会更不安全地依恋。对于携带 MR 的 AA 基因型的婴儿来说，这些关联并不显著。从差异易感性的角度讨论了这些发现。
