Koren-Karie Nina, Oppenheim David, Dolev Smadar, Yirmiya Nurit
Center for the Study of Child Development, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2009 May;50(5):643-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.02043.x. Epub 2009 Jan 12.
In the current study we examined the links between maternal sensitivity and children's secure attachment in a sample of 45 preschool-age boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). We hypothesized that mothers of securely attached children would be more sensitive to their children than mothers of insecurely attached children. Children's attachment was assessed using Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure (SSP; Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978). Mothers' sensitivity and children's responsiveness to their mothers were assessed using the Emotional Availability Scales (Biringen, Robinson, & Emde, 1993). The findings supported our hypothesis: mothers of securely attached children were more sensitive to their children even when controlling for the severity of children's diagnosis (Autism Disorder vs. Pervasive Developmental Disorder - Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)), children's level of functioning (high vs. low), and children's levels of responsiveness. The significance of sensitivity for security of attachment in ASD and the implications of these findings for the validity of the SSP in children with ASD are discussed.
在本研究中，我们对45名患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的学龄前男孩进行了抽样调查，以探究母亲的敏感性与孩子的安全型依恋之间的联系。我们假设，与不安全型依恋孩子的母亲相比，安全型依恋孩子的母亲对孩子更具敏感性。我们使用安斯沃思陌生情境程序（SSP；安斯沃思、布莱尔、沃特斯和沃尔，1978年）对孩子的依恋情况进行评估。我们使用情感可及性量表（比林根、罗宾逊和恩德，1993年）对母亲的敏感性以及孩子对母亲的反应能力进行评估。研究结果支持了我们的假设：即使在控制了孩子诊断的严重程度（自闭症障碍与未另行指定的广泛性发育障碍（PDD-NOS））、孩子的功能水平（高与低）以及孩子的反应水平之后，安全型依恋孩子的母亲对孩子仍更具敏感性。我们还讨论了敏感性对于ASD中依恋安全性的重要性，以及这些研究结果对SSP在ASD儿童中有效性的影响。
