Knobloch K, Sorg H, Vogt P M
Klinik für Plastische, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str.1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
Chirurg. 2012 May;83(5):452-62. doi: 10.1007/s00104-011-2139-z.
In Germany, Austria and Switzerland the "Habilitation" (postgraduate qualification) is currently the highest ranked university degree which qualifies candidates to perform high ranking autonomous research and teach the specific subject at university level. Although it is legally not an academic degree, the habilitation is a mandatory qualification for the later appointment and employment as a professor. The habilitation process is a complex assessment of diverse prerequisites which differ highly in terms of uniformity among the medical faculties in Germany.
In order to re-evaluate these prerequisites and to find out if there might be more conformity for candidates all habilitation requirements were analyzed for 12 primary outcome measures according to Nagelschmidt and rated with a specific scoring system (Nagelschmidt score).
The overall scoring for habilitation requirements increased from 15.2±5.1 points in 1998 to 21.9±4.0 points in 2010 (95% confidence interval 20.6-23.3, p<0.001, mainly due to increased requirements in terms of publications, teaching and mandatory board certification. No correlation was found between the number of habilitation degrees per faculty and the overall Nagelschmidt score (y=-0.0545x+26.021, r(2)=0,00028).
The requirements for habilitation have substantially increased by 44% from 1998 to 2010 in Germany. This is mainly based on higher requirements in terms of publications, teaching and board certification.
在德国、奥地利和瑞士，“教授资格”（研究生资格）目前是最高等级的大学学位，使候选人有资格进行高级别的自主研究并在大学层面教授特定学科。尽管从法律上讲它不是学术学位，但教授资格是日后被任命为教授并任职的强制资格。教授资格认定过程是对各种先决条件的复杂评估，这些先决条件在德国各医学院之间的一致性差异很大。
为了重新评估这些先决条件，并了解候选人之间是否可能存在更多一致性，根据纳格尔施密特的标准，对所有教授资格要求的12项主要成果指标进行了分析，并采用特定的评分系统（纳格尔施密特评分）进行评分。
教授资格要求的总体评分从1998年的15.2±5.1分提高到2010年的21.9±4.0分（95%置信区间20.6 - 23.3，p<0.001），主要原因是在出版物、教学和强制委员会认证方面的要求提高。各学院教授资格学位数量与纳格尔施密特总体评分之间未发现相关性（y = -0.0545x + 26.021，r² = 0.00028）。
从1998年到2010年，德国教授资格的要求大幅提高了44%。这主要是基于在出版物、教学和委员会认证方面更高的要求。
