Sorg Heiko, Krämer Robert, Grieswald Christoph, Schwab Christian G G, Thönnes Simon, Reinke Julia M, Hauser Jörg, Tilkorn Daniel J
Klinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Deutschland.
Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie, Handchirurgie, Brandverletztenzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland.
Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2016 Oct;115-116:71-77. doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2016.07.004. Epub 2016 Sep 14.
The postdoctoral medical lecture qualification (Habilitation) represents the highest academic qualification in Germany, which is successfully completed by approximately 850 candidates in medicine and health sciences per year. However, there is only a limited number of respective academic positions available. In addition, structures in education and society have changed over the last years, challenging the importance of this specific German qualification. The aim of this study was to elicit the opinions of members of German habilitation committees concerning the requirements, processes and the overall importance of the postdoctoral medical lecture qualification. Furthermore we wanted to evaluate potential needs for reforms.
The online survey was conducted asking for biographic parameters, subjective ratings and potential needs for reforms concerning the postdoctoral medical lecture qualification (PLQ).
The PLQ was rated high in significance by 71.3 % of the committee members. According to the medical understanding of the Humboldt triad (research, teaching, patient care), research (94.3 %) and teaching (89.7 %) have been rated as the most important requirements for a PLQ. Asked for the motivation to undertake a PLQ, 91.0 % of the members gave the joy of doing research, 78.2 % the joy of teaching and 65.5 % better career prospects perspectives as their reason. The recognition of a Ph.D. degree as being equivalent to a German PQL was clearly rejected by the survey respondents (58.6 %: no equivalence). The majority is against the abolition of the German PLQ. However, there is a definite desire for reform, preferably concerning internal obstacles such as the dependence on full professors, more transparency in the PLQ process, but also the demand for a federal standard PLQ regulation.
From the committee members' point of view the German PLQ has still a role to play and, despite controversy, is still regarded as a timely qualification. However, there is clear-cut evidence for local, national and international reforms in order to create equality of opportunity for the candidates and to open up suitable career options.
博士后医学授课资格（Habilitation）是德国最高的学术资格，每年约有850名医学和健康科学领域的候选人成功获得该资格。然而，相应的学术职位数量有限。此外，在过去几年中，教育和社会结构发生了变化，这对这一特定德国资格的重要性提出了挑战。本研究的目的是了解德国博士后授课资格委员会成员对博士后医学授课资格的要求、流程及整体重要性的看法。此外，我们还想评估改革的潜在需求。
进行在线调查，询问有关博士后医学授课资格（PLQ）的个人参数、主观评分及改革的潜在需求。
71.3%的委员会成员认为PLQ具有高度重要性。根据对洪堡三元组（研究、教学、患者护理）的医学理解，研究（94.3%）和教学（89.7%）被评为PLQ最重要的要求。当被问及获得PLQ的动机时，91.0%的成员将做研究的乐趣、78.2%的成员将教学的乐趣以及65.5%的成员将更好的职业前景视为原因。调查对象明确拒绝将博士学位等同于德国的PQL（58.6%：不等同）。大多数人反对废除德国的PLQ。然而，确实存在改革的愿望，最好是针对内部障碍，如对正教授的依赖、PLQ过程中更高的透明度，同时也要求制定联邦标准的PLQ规定。
从委员会成员的角度来看，德国的PLQ仍然具有作用，尽管存在争议，但仍被视为一项适时的资格。然而，有明确证据表明需要进行地方、国家和国际层面的改革，以便为候选人创造平等机会并开辟合适的职业选择。
