Kids Research Institute at The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2011 Nov;12(11):887-96. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00899.x. Epub 2011 Jul 4.
The epidemic of obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI) maybe plateauing. However, studies using skin-fold and waist circumference measurements suggest that BMI may underestimate changes in fatness in children. In this study we examine changes in waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in Australian children between 1985 and 2007, by undertaking secondary data analysis of three national data sets. The mean waist circumference z-score for boys increased from -0.02 (95% CI -0.05 to 0.01) in 1985, to 0.33 (0.26 to 0.40) in 1995 and 0.41 (0.35 to 0.47) in 2007 and was greater (P<0.001) than the increase in BMI z-score. The increase in mean waist circumference z-score for girls was greater (P<0.001) than boys and increased from -0.02 (0.05 to 0.01) in 1985, to 0.33 (0.26 to 0.41) in 1995 and to 0.57 (0.51 to 0.63) in 2007. The number of children with a WHtR ≥ 0.5 increased from 8.6% in 1985, to 13.6% in 1995 and 18.3% in 2007. Between 1985 and 2007 central adiposity increased at a faster rate than total adiposity, particularly in girls. The secular increase in waist circumference and WHtR is concerning as measures of central adiposity are associated with metabolic and cardiovascular risk.
肥胖症的流行（以身体质量指数 BMI 衡量）可能已趋于平稳。然而，利用皮褶厚度和腰围测量的研究表明，BMI 可能低估了儿童体内脂肪的变化。本研究通过对三个国家数据集的二次数据分析，研究了澳大利亚儿童在 1985 年至 2007 年间腰围和腰高比（WHtR）的变化。男孩的平均腰围 z 评分从 1985 年的-0.02（95%CI -0.05 至 0.01）增加到 1995 年的 0.33（0.26 至 0.40）和 2007 年的 0.41（0.35 至 0.47），并且高于 BMI z 评分的增加（P<0.001）。女孩的平均腰围 z 评分增加幅度大于男孩（P<0.001），从 1985 年的-0.02（0.05 至 0.01）增加到 1995 年的 0.33（0.26 至 0.41），再增加到 2007 年的 0.57（0.51 至 0.63）。WHtR≥0.5 的儿童比例从 1985 年的 8.6%增加到 1995 年的 13.6%和 2007 年的 18.3%。1985 年至 2007 年间，中心性肥胖的增长速度快于全身肥胖，特别是在女孩中。腰围和 WHtR 的长期增长令人担忧，因为中心性肥胖的测量与代谢和心血管风险相关。
