National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2011 Oct;61(1):93-7. doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.06.005. Epub 2011 Jun 24.
The objective of the study was to obtain pharmacokinetic parameters for melamine and blend of melamine (MEL) and cyanuric acid (CYA) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The single target dosage of MEL (20mg/kg bw) and the blend of MEL and CYA (5 and 1.67 mg/kg bw, respectively) were designed and plasma samples were collected at 30 min, 1, 4, 8, 12, 20, 24, 36, 48, 72, 144 and 240 h sequentially. An optimized method for simultaneous determination of MEL and CYA in plasma and animal tissues by LC-MS/MS was used. The data were shown to best fit a non-compartment model with first order processes of linear characters for melamine, with half-life (t(½)) of 32.2-32.9h, clearance (Cl(z/F)) of 35.9-36.6 ml/h/kg, and volume of distribution (V(ss)) of 1.67-1.74 l/kg. Withdrawal of CYA was much more rapid than that of MEL with higher Cl(z/F) (783.56 ml/h/kg) and shorter t(½) (7.92 h). T(max) of MEL20 and MEL5 were 12 and 20 h, respectively, which showed that T(max) of MEL5 was delayed when MEL and CYA were given together. The results are quite different from those in mammals and showed much slower elimination of MEL and CYA from rainbow trout body.
本研究的目的是获得三聚氰胺（MEL）及其与三聚氰酸（CYA）混合物在虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）体内的药代动力学参数。设计了 MEL（20mg/kg bw）的单靶剂量和 MEL 与 CYA（分别为 5 和 1.67mg/kg bw）的混合物，并在 30 分钟、1、4、8、12、20、24、36、48、72、144 和 240 小时依次采集血浆样本。采用 LC-MS/MS 法优化了同时测定血浆和动物组织中 MEL 和 CYA 的方法。结果表明，MEL 的药代动力学符合线性一级过程的非房室模型，半衰期（t(½)）为 32.2-32.9h，清除率（Cl(z/F)）为 35.9-36.6ml/h/kg，分布容积（V(ss)）为 1.67-1.74 l/kg。与 MEL 相比，CYA 的清除速度更快，Cl(z/F)更高（783.56ml/h/kg），t(½)更短（7.92h）。MEL20 和 MEL5 的 T(max)分别为 12 和 20h，表明当 MEL 和 CYA 一起给予时，MEL5 的 T(max)延迟。这些结果与哺乳动物的结果有很大不同，表明 MEL 和 CYA 从虹鳟体内的消除速度要慢得多。
