Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Stempel School of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2011 Nov;55(11):1054-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01437.x. Epub 2011 Jul 5.
The purpose of this study was: (1) to evaluate the beliefs, attitudes and behaviours associated with nutrition and physical activity of parents with adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID); (2) to determine if these variables related to the body mass index (BMI) of the adolescents and the parents' BMI; and (3) to investigate if the parents' perception of their child's weight status was accurate.
A survey was used to collect information on BMI and attitudes and beliefs about nutrition and physical activity from parents (n = 207) of adolescents with ID attending schools participating in the Best Buddies Program.
Approximately 45% of the adolescents were overweight or obese and over two-thirds of the parents were either overweight or obese. There was a significant difference in child's BMI by parents' description, F(3,158) = 72.75, P < 0.001. Factor analysis on questions on physical activity and nutrition revealed three factors (Factor 1 - Family Healthy Habits, Factor 2 - Parental Role and Factor 3 - Parental Activity) extracting 63% of the variance. The BMI of the adolescents significantly correlated with Factors 2 and 3. Children categorised as having a lower BMI had parents who agreed significantly more (r = -0.22, P < 0.005) with questions about being role models. There was a significant correlation between BMI for both the parents and adolescents and frequency of fast foods purchased.
Efforts need to be made to provide parents of adolescents with ID tailored information about how they can assist their child in managing their weight. This information should emphasise to parents the important part they play as role models and as providers for healthy choices for physical activity as well as nutrition.
本研究的目的是：（1）评估与智障青少年（ID）父母的营养和身体活动相关的信念、态度和行为；（2）确定这些变量与青少年的体重指数（BMI）和父母的 BMI 是否相关；（3）调查父母对孩子体重状况的感知是否准确。
使用问卷调查了参加 Best Buddies 项目的智障青少年的父母（n=207）的 BMI 以及对营养和身体活动的态度和信念。
约 45%的青少年超重或肥胖，超过三分之二的父母超重或肥胖。父母对孩子的描述存在显著差异，F（3，158）=72.75，P<0.001。对身体活动和营养问题的因子分析得出了三个因素（因素 1-家庭健康习惯、因素 2-父母角色和因素 3-父母活动），提取了 63%的方差。青少年的 BMI 与因素 2 和因素 3 显著相关。被归类为 BMI 较低的儿童的父母更认同（r=-0.22，P<0.005）关于成为榜样的问题。父母和青少年的 BMI 与购买快餐的频率呈显著相关性。
需要努力为智障青少年的父母提供有关如何帮助孩子管理体重的针对性信息。这些信息应强调父母作为榜样以及为身体活动和营养提供健康选择的重要作用。
