Panksepp J, Abbott B B
Department of Psychology, Bowling Green State University, OH 43403.
Peptides. 1990 Jul-Aug;11(4):647-53. doi: 10.1016/0196-9781(90)90174-4.
The effects of centrally administered alpha-MSH on separation-induced distress vocalizations (DVs) and squatting were evaluated in domestic chicks for dose-response, time course, and interactions with peripheral naloxone and both peripheral and central morphine. Some of the tests were conducted in both the presence and absence of social stimuli (mirrors or a conspecific). Doses of 0.04 microgram of alpha-MSH or greater eliminated the usual suppression of DVs produced by mirrors or conspecifics. This effect lasted 10-15 minutes and was followed by inhibition of DVs, accompanied by a dose-dependent vigilant squatting posture, that lasted about one hour. These effects showed no development of tolerance to repeated alpha-MSH injections over a six-day period, and no apparent interaction with the effects of peripherally injected naloxone or either peripherally or centrally injected morphine. It is suggested that, in keeping with its role in defensive camouflage in amphibians, alpha-MSH in chicks may activate a central state akin to fear to adaptively modulate DVs and defensive hiding.
在家鸡中评估了中枢给予α-促黑素（alpha-MSH）对分离诱导的苦恼叫声（DVs）和蹲伏行为的影响，以研究剂量反应、时间进程以及与外周纳洛酮和外周及中枢吗啡的相互作用。部分测试在有和没有社会刺激（镜子或同种个体）的情况下进行。0.04微克或更高剂量的α-MSH消除了镜子或同种个体通常对DVs产生的抑制作用。这种效应持续10 - 15分钟，随后是DVs的抑制，同时伴有剂量依赖性的警觉蹲伏姿势，持续约一小时。在六天的时间里，这些效应未显示出对重复注射α-MSH产生耐受性，并且与外周注射纳洛酮或外周及中枢注射吗啡的效应没有明显的相互作用。研究表明，与它在两栖动物防御性伪装中的作用一致，鸡体内的α-MSH可能会激活一种类似于恐惧的中枢状态，以适应性地调节DVs和防御性隐藏行为。
