Lips Marcel
Department of Chemistry and Radiological Protection, Goesgen Nuclear Power Plant, PO Box, CH-4658 Daeniken, Switzerland.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2011 Jul;146(1-3):347-50. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncr186.
Occupational exposure in nuclear power plants has been reduced significantly within the last two decades. Dose distribution of workers shows that 80 % have a dose <1 mSv y(-1). Discharges have always been low, resulting in hypothetical doses of a few micro Sieverts per year to the most affected persons. Dose distribution owing to natural and medical exposure does not change for the majority of workers by adding their occupational dose distribution. Doses from discharges do not have any impact on the dose distribution of the public. Nuclear power implicates no additional radiation risks to the public and tiny risks for a few of the workers. Nuclear power contributes positively to the environment and to public health with tremendous savings of greenhouse gas emissions. Comparing the public benefits, tiny doses for workers are easily justified. Further reductions of discharge limits or occupational exposure constraints are without a real gain in public health.
在过去二十年中，核电站的职业暴露已大幅减少。工人的剂量分布表明，80%的人剂量<1毫希沃特/年。排放一直很低，导致受影响最严重的人每年的假设剂量为几微希沃特。对于大多数工人来说，由于自然和医疗暴露导致的剂量分布不会因增加其职业剂量分布而改变。排放产生的剂量对公众的剂量分布没有任何影响。核电对公众不构成额外的辐射风险，对少数工人构成极小的风险。核电通过大量减少温室气体排放，对环境和公众健康有积极贡献。比较公共利益，工人接受的微小剂量很容易得到合理说明。进一步降低排放限值或职业暴露限制对公众健康并无实际益处。
