School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia and the WAIMR Centre for Food and Genomic Medicine, Perth, WA, Australia.
Br J Nutr. 2011 Oct;106(7):1045-51. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511001334. Epub 2011 May 10.
Addition of fibre or protein to carbohydrate-rich foods can reduce the glycaemic response to those foods. This may assist with glycaemic management in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Lupin is a legume rich in fibre and protein. We assessed the acute effects of lupin- and soya-based beverages on glucose and insulin responses in type 2 diabetic individuals. We hypothesised that the lupin and soya beverages would lower the acute glycaemic response compared with a control beverage containing no protein or fibre, and that lupin would reduce the postprandial glucose more than soya. In a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial, twenty-four diabetic adults (nineteen men and five women) attended three testing sessions, each 1 week apart. At each session, participants consumed a beverage containing 50 g glucose (control), 50 g glucose plus lupin kernel flour with 12·5 g fibre and 22 g protein (lupin), or 50 g glucose plus 12·5 g fibre and 22 g protein from soya isolates (soya). Serum glucose, insulin and C-peptide were measured periodically for 4 h following beverage consumption. Compared with the control beverage, the 4 h post-beverage glucose response was lower (P < 0·001), and the 4 h post-beverage insulin and C-peptide responses were higher (P < 0·001) for lupin and soya. Glucose (P = 0·25) and C-peptide (P = 0·07) responses did not differ significantly between lupin and soya, but lupin resulted in a lower insulin response compared with soya (P = 0·013). Adding lupin or soya to a carbohydrate-rich beverage reduces glycaemia acutely in type 2 diabetic individuals. This may have a beneficial role in glycaemic management.
向富含碳水化合物的食物中添加纤维或蛋白质可以降低这些食物的血糖反应。这可能有助于 2 型糖尿病患者的血糖管理。羽扇豆是一种富含纤维和蛋白质的豆类。我们评估了基于羽扇豆和大豆的饮料对 2 型糖尿病个体葡萄糖和胰岛素反应的急性影响。我们假设与不含蛋白质或纤维的对照饮料相比，羽扇豆和大豆饮料会降低急性血糖反应，并且羽扇豆会比大豆降低餐后血糖。在一项随机、对照、交叉试验中，二十四名糖尿病成年人（十九名男性和五名女性）参加了三次测试，每次相隔一周。在每次测试中，参与者饮用含有 50 克葡萄糖（对照）、50 克葡萄糖加 12.5 克纤维和 22 克羽扇豆仁粉（羽扇豆）或 50 克葡萄糖加 12.5 克纤维和 22 克大豆分离蛋白（大豆）的饮料。在饮用饮料后 4 小时内定期测量血清葡萄糖、胰岛素和 C 肽。与对照饮料相比，羽扇豆和大豆的 4 小时后饮料血糖反应较低（P<0.001），4 小时后饮料胰岛素和 C 肽反应较高（P<0.001）。羽扇豆和大豆之间的血糖（P=0.25）和 C 肽（P=0.07）反应没有显著差异，但羽扇豆的胰岛素反应低于大豆（P=0.013）。向富含碳水化合物的饮料中添加羽扇豆或大豆可迅速降低 2 型糖尿病个体的血糖。这在血糖管理中可能具有有益作用。
