King's College London, School of Medicine, Cicely Saunders Institute, Department of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, London, UK.
Palliat Med. 2012 Jan;26(1):7-22. doi: 10.1177/0269216311409613. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
Informal caregivers needs in cancer/advanced disease are largely unmet. The science of carer intervention evaluation is methodologically challenging, and the evidence historically weak.
This systematic review updates an earlier effectiveness review to determine both the effectiveness of subsequently published intervention studies, and the current state of science.
The evidence was identified and appraised using a comprehensive search strategy. Articles were searched from 2001 to 2010 using the following electronic databases: Medline, PsychINFO and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were studies reporting intervention data for informal adult caregivers of a patient with a diagnosis of cancer or receiving palliative care. The design and evidence rigour were assessed using the Jadad Rating Scale, and the Quality Rating Scale.
33 studies met inclusion criteria. From the original review, an encouraging increase was identified in the number of evaluations (from 8 to 33), in carer-specific interventions (from 6 to 17) and in the robustness of the study design (an increase from 2 to 12 studies with before/after measures, comparison groups and prospective data).
The evidence suggests a rapid increase in the number of robust intervention studies. However, the range of models remains narrow in relation to caregivers' needs and preferences.
癌症/晚期疾病患者的非正式照顾者需求在很大程度上未得到满足。照顾者干预评估的科学在方法学上具有挑战性，而且历史证据也很薄弱。
本系统评价更新了早期的有效性评价，以确定随后发表的干预研究的有效性以及当前科学的状况。
使用全面的搜索策略来确定和评估证据。从 2001 年到 2010 年，使用以下电子数据库搜索文章：Medline、PsychINFO 和 CINAHL。纳入标准是报告了对癌症诊断或接受姑息治疗的患者的非正式成年照顾者进行干预数据的研究。使用 Jadad 评分量表和质量评分量表评估设计和证据的严谨性。
33 项研究符合纳入标准。从最初的评价中可以看出，评估数量（从 8 项增加到 33 项）、针对照顾者的干预措施（从 6 项增加到 17 项）以及研究设计的稳健性（具有前后测、对照组和前瞻性数据的研究从 2 项增加到 12 项）都有所增加。
证据表明，稳健的干预研究数量迅速增加。然而，与照顾者的需求和偏好相比，模型的范围仍然狭窄。
