Tuberculosis Section, Respiratory Diseases Dept, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Eur Respir J. 2011 Dec;38(6):1382-92. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00198410. Epub 2011 Jul 7.
In order to ensure the availability of resources for tuberculosis (TB) and HIV management and control, it is imperative that countries monitor and plan for co-infection in order to identify, treat and prevent TB-HIV co-infection, thereby reducing TB burden and increasing the years of healthy life of people living with HIV. A systematic review was undertaken to determine the burden of TB-HIV infection in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA). Data on the burden of HIV infection in TB patients and risk factors for TB-HIV co-infection in the EU/EEA were extracted from studies that collected information in 1996 and later, regardless of the year of initiation of data collection, and a narrative synthesis presented. The proportion of HIV-co-infected TB patients varied from 0 to 15%. Western and eastern countries had higher levels and increasing trends of infection over time compared with central EU/EEA countries. Groups at higher risk of TB-HIV co-infection were males, young adults, foreign-born persons, the homeless, injecting drug users and prisoners. Further research is needed into the burden and associated risk factors of co-infection in Europe, to help plan effective control measures. Increased HIV testing of TB patients and targeted and informed strategies for control and prevention could help curb the co-infection epidemic.
为确保结核病（TB）和艾滋病管理和控制的资源可用性，各国务必监测和规划合并感染情况，以便发现、治疗和预防 TB-HIV 合并感染，从而减轻结核病负担并增加艾滋病毒感染者的健康寿命。本系统评价旨在确定欧盟（EU）和欧洲经济区（EEA）的 TB-HIV 感染负担。从收集 1996 年及以后信息的研究中提取了欧盟/EEA 中结核患者的 HIV 感染负担和 TB-HIV 合并感染的危险因素数据，无论数据收集开始的年份如何，并进行了叙述性综合。HIV 合并感染的结核患者比例从 0 到 15%不等。与欧盟/EEA 中部国家相比，西方国家和东欧国家的感染率更高且呈上升趋势。感染 TB-HIV 合并感染风险较高的群体为男性、青年成年人、外国出生者、无家可归者、注射毒品使用者和囚犯。欧洲需要进一步研究合并感染的负担和相关危险因素，以帮助规划有效的控制措施。增加对结核患者的 HIV 检测以及有针对性和知情的控制和预防策略，可以帮助遏制合并感染的流行。
