Office of the High Commissioner for Health, Ministry of Health, Lisbon, Portugal.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2011 Nov;15(11):1445-54, i. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.10.0302. Epub 2011 Jul 6.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a multidimensional disease, and interactions between individuals and groups are of extreme importance in its development. The aim of this study was to estimate the occurrence of pulmonary TB (PTB) to identify potential risk factors and to define high-risk areas in Portugal (2004-2006). The relevance of the common risk factors identified was evaluated at the national and local levels. Considering local public health at the municipality level, the main objective of this study was the support of local interventions, identifying local high-risk areas and the corresponding local risk factors. A complex statistical methodology based on correlation analysis, spatial clustering, risk maps and multivariate regression models was developed. The results showed that some areas were at higher risk of PTB than others due to high incidence of HIV/AIDS, incarceration, nonstandard (abnormal) and/or crowded accommodation, unemployment and immigrant populations. The majority of these areas showed increased TB incidence rates.
结核病（TB）是一种多维疾病，个体和群体之间的相互作用对其发展至关重要。本研究的目的是估计葡萄牙（2004-2006 年）的肺结核（PTB）的发生率，以确定潜在的危险因素和高风险地区。在国家和地方层面评估了确定的常见危险因素的相关性。考虑到市一级的地方公共卫生，本研究的主要目的是支持地方干预，确定地方高风险地区和相应的地方危险因素。开发了一种基于相关分析、空间聚类、风险图和多元回归模型的复杂统计方法。结果表明，由于艾滋病毒/艾滋病、监禁、非标准（异常）和/或拥挤的住宿、失业和移民人口的发病率高，一些地区的肺结核风险高于其他地区。这些地区的大多数都显示出结核病发病率的增加。
