Department Biologie I, Bereich Biodiversitätsforschung, Organismische Biologie, Systematische Botanik und Mykologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, GeoBio-Center, Menzinger Str. 67, 80638 Munich, Germany.
Protist. 2012 Jan;163(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2011.06.003. Epub 2011 Jul 8.
The phylogenetic relationships of the Dinophyceae (Alveolata) are not sufficiently resolved at present. The Thoracosphaeraceae (Peridiniales) are the only group of the Alveolata that include members with calcareous coccoid stages; this trait is considered apomorphic. Although the coccoid stage apparently is not calcareous, Bysmatrum has been assigned to the Thoracosphaeraceae based on thecal morphology. We tested the monophyly of the Thoracosphaeraceae using large sets of ribosomal RNA sequence data of the Alveolata including the Dinophyceae. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian approaches. The Thoracosphaeraceae were monophyletic, but included also a number of non-calcareous dinophytes (such as Pentapharsodinium and Pfiesteria) and even parasites (such as Duboscquodinium and Tintinnophagus). Bysmatrum had an isolated and uncertain phylogenetic position outside the Thoracosphaeraceae. The phylogenetic relationships among calcareous dinophytes appear complex, and the assumption of the single origin of the potential to produce calcareous structures is challenged. The application of concatenated ribosomal RNA sequence data may prove promising for phylogenetic reconstructions of the Dinophyceae in future.
目前，盘藻门（黄藻门）的系统发育关系尚未得到充分解决。胸球藻科（双鞭甲藻目）是黄藻门中唯一具有钙质球形阶段成员的群体；这个特征被认为是特化的。尽管球形阶段显然不是钙质的，但根据壳的形态，Bysmatrum 被分配到胸球藻科。我们使用包括甲藻门在内的黄藻门的核糖体 RNA 序列数据集的大型数据集来测试胸球藻科的单系性。使用最大似然法和贝叶斯方法进行了系统发育分析。胸球藻科是单系的，但也包括一些非钙质甲藻（如 Pentapharsodinium 和 Pfiesteria），甚至寄生虫（如 Duboscquodinium 和 Tintinnophagus）。Bysmatrum 在胸球藻科之外具有孤立和不确定的系统发育位置。钙质甲藻的系统发育关系似乎很复杂，并且产生钙质结构的潜在单一起源的假设受到了挑战。串联核糖体 RNA 序列数据的应用可能在未来对甲藻的系统发育重建证明是有希望的。
