Immunology Service, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
Hum Immunol. 2011 Oct;72(10):841-8. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.06.004. Epub 2011 Jun 22.
Viral infections and cellular acute rejection (AR) condition immunosuppressive therapy and compromise the evolution of allografts. Immune monitoring can be useful for ascertaining rejection and for differentiating allo-reaction from activation induced by infections. This work analyzes the usefulness of monitoring the expression of CD28 and KIR2D receptors in peripheral blood T lymphocytes by flow cytometry, to ascertain the immune response in heart and liver transplant recipients. In both types of transplant, the up-regulation of CD28 in CD4(+) lymphocytes in the periods of greatest AR frequency indicates an effective allo-response, whereas the post-transplantation emergence of circulating CD8(+)CD28(-) and CD8(+)CD28(-)KIR2D(+) T cells correlates with better early clinical results. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, but not hepatitis C virus (HCV) or other infections, abrogated both CD28 up-regulation and CD8(+)CD28(-)KIR2D(+) T-cell expansion. Our results show that monitoring the expression of CD28 and KIR2D receptors on T lymphocytes might be considered as sensors of the immune status of heart and liver recipients.
病毒感染和细胞急性排斥（AR）状况下的免疫抑制治疗会影响移植物的发展。免疫监测可用于确定排斥反应，并区分同种异体反应与感染引起的激活。本研究通过流式细胞术分析监测外周血 T 淋巴细胞中 CD28 和 KIR2D 受体表达，以确定心脏和肝脏移植受者的免疫反应。在这两种类型的移植中，AR 频率最高时期 CD4(+)淋巴细胞中 CD28 的上调表明有效的同种异体反应，而移植后循环 CD8(+)CD28(-)和 CD8(+)CD28(-)KIR2D(+)T 细胞的出现与更好的早期临床结果相关。巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染，但不是丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）或其他感染，会破坏 CD28 的上调和 CD8(+)CD28(-)KIR2D(+)T 细胞的扩增。我们的结果表明，监测 T 淋巴细胞上 CD28 和 KIR2D 受体的表达可以被认为是心脏和肝脏受者免疫状态的传感器。
