Malacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273 009, U P India.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2011 May;15(5):550-5.
Fascioliasis is an important helminth disease caused by Fasciola (F.) hepatica and F gigantica of Asia and Africa. This disease belongs to the plant-borne trematode zoonoses. Human infection has been reported in 51 different countries from 5 continents. One of the possible approaches to control this problem is to interrupt the life cycle of the parasitic trematodes by eliminating the snail.
Snails attractant pellets (SAP) were prepared from binary combination of carbohydrate + amino acid (20 mM) in 2% agar solution with active molluscicidal component Ferula asafoetida (ferulic acid, umbelliferone), Syzygium aromaticum (eugenol), Carum carvi (limonene). Attraction of snails to different combinations was studied by using clear glass aquaria having diameter of 30 cm. Each aquarium was divided into four concentric zones; zone-3 (central zone), zone-2 and zone-1 (middie zone) and zone-0 (outer zone) had a diameter of 13, 18, 24, and 30 cm, respectively. The behavioral responses of snails to these binary combinations of carbohydrate and amino acid in bait formulation were examined. The fraction of snails that was in contact with the SAP at different times was used as a measure of attraction.
Among all the binary combination of carbohydrate+amino acid+molluscicide after 2h of experiment, highest attraction of snail (54.71%) was observed towards the SAP containing starch+histidine+limolene. Limonene+ starch+histidine containing SAP emerged as the strongest bait formulation (96h LC50 0.74%) against Lymnaea acuminata.
The present study suggested that the molluscicides of plant origin could be used with varying degrees of success in bait formulation.
片形吸虫病是一种由亚洲和非洲的肝片形吸虫（F. hepatica）和巨片形吸虫引起的重要寄生虫病。该病属于植物源性吸虫动物传染病。在来自 5 大洲的 51 个不同国家均有报告人类感染病例。控制该问题的一种可能方法是通过消除蜗牛来中断寄生虫吸虫的生命周期。
蜗牛引诱剂丸（SAP）由 2%琼脂溶液中的碳水化合物+氨基酸（20mM）的二元组合制备而成，其中含有活性杀软体动物成分 Ferula asafoetida（阿魏酸、伞形酮）、Syzygium aromaticum（丁香酚）、Carum carvi（柠檬烯）。使用直径为 30cm 的透明玻璃水族馆研究了蜗牛对不同组合的吸引力。每个水族馆被分为四个同心区；区-3（中央区）、区-2 和区-1（中间区）和区-0（外部区）的直径分别为 13、18、24 和 30cm。检查了诱饵配方中碳水化合物和氨基酸二元组合对蜗牛行为反应。将不同时间与 SAP 接触的蜗牛比例作为吸引力的衡量标准。
在所有碳水化合物+氨基酸+杀螺剂的二元组合中，实验 2 小时后，对含有淀粉+组氨酸+柠檬烯的 SAP 的蜗牛吸引力最高（54.71%）。含有柠檬烯+淀粉+组氨酸的 SAP 是针对 Lymnaea acuminata 的最强诱饵配方（96hLC50 为 0.74%）。
本研究表明，植物来源的杀螺剂可在不同程度上成功用于诱饵配方。
