Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 27599-7435, USA.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2011 Aug;25(8):483-91. doi: 10.1089/apc.2011.0085. Epub 2011 Jul 11.
Stress has been extensively researched in the HIV services field. Yet, research regarding stress related to HIV-test counseling has solely focused on stressors related to giving results, even though stress on the HIV test counselor can occur at many points within a counseling session. This exploratory, qualitative study examines the stressors faced and coping mechanisms utilized by HIV-test counselors at AIDS service organizations (ASOs) during rapid HIV-test counseling sessions. Forty-two HIV test counselors were interviewed regarding HIV-test counseling sessions in which they provided preliminary-positive/reactive, negative/nonreactive, and invalid results. Regardless of the test result, HIV test counselors faced stressors, including giving HIV test results; dealing with emotions; difficult clients; self-doubt; and systemic stressors. Most stress was managed through social support, preparatory coping strategies, respite, and putting things into perspective. Despite the exploratory nature of the study, the findings suggest that strengthening support bases and improving current training standards will increase the well-being of HIV test counselors.
压力在 HIV 服务领域已经得到了广泛的研究。然而，关于 HIV 检测咨询相关压力的研究仅仅集中在与结果相关的压力源上，尽管在咨询过程中的许多点上，HIV 检测咨询师都会感到压力。这项探索性的定性研究调查了艾滋病服务组织（ASO）中的 HIV 检测咨询师在快速 HIV 检测咨询过程中所面临的压力源和应对机制。对 42 名 HIV 检测咨询师进行了采访，了解他们在提供初步阳性/反应性、阴性/非反应性和无效结果的 HIV 检测咨询过程中所面临的压力源。无论检测结果如何，HIV 检测咨询师都面临着压力源，包括提供 HIV 检测结果；处理情绪；难缠的客户；自我怀疑；和系统性压力源。大多数压力通过社会支持、预备应对策略、喘息和客观看待事物来管理。尽管这项研究具有探索性，但研究结果表明，加强支持基础和提高现有培训标准将提高 HIV 检测咨询师的幸福感。
