Department of Medicine Neurology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Int J Stroke. 2011 Aug;6(4):346-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1747-4949.2011.00622.x.
There is a paucity of population based data about the coexistent proportions of risk factors for stroke in South Asians.
In this cross sectional survey performed in an urban slum, individuals 35 years of age or older were invited for participation through a simple random sample drawn from baseline census data. For each participant a systematic history and examination was performed to confirm the following risk factors: diabetes, hypertension, obesity, tobacco use, coronary artery disease, family history of coronary artery disease and/or stroke. Cerebrovascular events (stroke and TIA) were verified by a vascular neurologist. We report the association of risk factor groups and the presence of contemporaneous cerebrovascular event.
Five hundred and forty-five individuals (49.4% females) participated in the study. One hundred and nineteen (21.8%) individuals had a cerebrovascular event (stroke and /or TIA). Obesity was found to be the predominant risk factor, occurring in 310 individuals (56.9%), followed by total hypertension (284; 52.1%) and tobacco use respectively (213; 39%). Cerebrovascular event increased in percentage with quantitative increase in risk factors. Cerebrovascular event prevalence was 14.3% with one risk factor, 22% with two, 27% with three, 33% with four, and 86% with five risk factors respectively. The combination of 4 risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, obesity and cigarette smoking) conferred the highest odds of having cerebrovascular event at 4.9 (P 0.03).
South Asians in an urban slum often have multiple modifiable risk factors for cerebrovascular event, increasing numbers of risk factors increase the risk of stroke and TIA.
南亚人群中，关于中风相关危险因素并存的比例，目前缺乏基于人群的数据。
本横断面研究在一个城市贫民窟进行，通过从基线人口普查数据中抽取简单随机样本，邀请 35 岁或以上的个体参与。对每个参与者进行系统的病史和检查，以确认以下危险因素：糖尿病、高血压、肥胖、吸烟、冠心病、冠心病和/或中风家族史。脑血管事件（中风和 TIA）由血管神经病学家证实。我们报告危险因素组与同时发生的脑血管事件的关联。
545 名参与者（49.4%为女性）参与了这项研究。119 名（21.8%）个体发生了脑血管事件（中风和/或 TIA）。肥胖是最主要的危险因素，有 310 名（56.9%）参与者存在肥胖，其次是总高血压（284；52.1%）和吸烟（213；39%）。随着危险因素数量的定量增加，脑血管事件的百分比增加。存在 1 个危险因素的脑血管事件发生率为 14.3%，存在 2 个危险因素的发生率为 22%，存在 3 个危险因素的发生率为 27%，存在 4 个危险因素的发生率为 33%，存在 5 个危险因素的发生率为 86%。同时存在 4 个危险因素（高血压、糖尿病、肥胖和吸烟）时，发生脑血管事件的几率最高，为 4.9（P<0.03）。
城市贫民窟中的南亚人通常有多种可改变的脑血管事件危险因素，危险因素数量的增加增加了中风和 TIA 的风险。
