Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Sleep Breath. 2011 Jan;15(1):63-9. doi: 10.1007/s11325-009-0319-6.
This study seeks to examine risk factors for snoring, a major symptom of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) because the evidence is limited in Asian populations.
Subjects for the present cross-sectional study were 3,138 men and 5,345 women aged 35–79 years from three communities in Japan who participated in the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study. The data on snoring frequency and cardiovascular health were obtained during annual cardiovascular surveys between 2000 and 2005. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for snoring associated with body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, and other cardiovascular risk factors.
The prevalence of almost everyday snoring was 24% among men and 10% among women. After adjustments for age, community, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and for women, menopausal status, the multivariable-adjusted ORs for everyday snoring in the highest versus lowest quartiles of BMI categories were 3.4 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.6–4.4) for men and 3.9 (2.8–5.4) for women. The respective ORs in ≥23 g ethanol per day versus never-drinkers categories were 1.4 (1.1–1.8) and 3.1 (1.8–5.3) and those in ≥20 cigarettes versus never-smokers categories were 1.4 (1.0–1.8) and 1.9 (0.9–3.7). The associations of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking with everyday snoring were stronger for BMI<25 kg/m2 than BMI≥25 kg/m2 in both sexes.
BMI, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking were positively associated with habitual snoring for both men and women, especially in nonoverweight persons.
本研究旨在探讨打鼾的危险因素，打鼾是睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）的主要症状，因为在亚洲人群中的证据有限。
本横断面研究的对象为来自日本三个社区的 3138 名男性和 5345 名 35-79 岁的女性，他们参加了社区循环风险研究。打鼾频率和心血管健康的数据是在 2000 年至 2005 年期间的年度心血管调查中获得的。使用逻辑回归模型估计与体重指数（BMI）、饮酒和其他心血管危险因素相关的打鼾的优势比（OR）。
男性几乎每天打鼾的患病率为 24%，女性为 10%。在调整年龄、社区、吸烟、饮酒以及女性绝经状态后，BMI 最高四分位数与最低四分位数相比，男性每天打鼾的多变量调整 OR 为 3.4（95%置信区间（CI）：2.6-4.4），女性为 3.9（2.8-5.4）。每天摄入≥23 克乙醇与从不饮酒者相比，OR 分别为 1.4（1.1-1.8）和 3.1（1.8-5.3），每天摄入≥20 支香烟与从不吸烟者相比，OR 分别为 1.4（1.0-1.8）和 1.9（0.9-3.7）。在男性和女性中，与 BMI<25 kg/m2 相比，BMI≥25 kg/m2 时，饮酒和吸烟与每天打鼾的关联更强。
BMI、饮酒和吸烟与男性和女性习惯性打鼾呈正相关，尤其是在非超重人群中。
