Dolinsky Vernon W, Dyck Jason R B
Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Resaerch Center, Mazankoaski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Nov;1812(11):1477-89. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.06.010. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
Calorie restriction is one of the most effective nutritional interventions that reproducibly protects against obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recent evidence suggests that even when implemented over a short period, calorie restriction is a safe and effective treatment for cardiovascular disease. Herein, we review the effects of calorie restriction on the cardiovascular system as well as the biological effects of resveratrol, the most widely studied molecule that appears to mimic calorie restriction. An overview of microarray data reveals that the myocardial transcriptional effects of calorie restriction overlap with the transcriptional responses to resveratrol treatment. In addition, calorie restriction and resveratrol modulate similar pathways to improve mitochondrial function, reduce oxidative stress and increase nitric oxide production that are involved in atherosclerosis prevention, blood pressure reduction, attenuation of left-ventricular hypertrophy, resistance to myocardial ischemic injury and heart failure prevention. We also review the data that suggest that the effects of calorie restriction and resveratrol on the cardiovascular system may involve signaling through the silent information regulator of transcription (SIRT), Akt and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways. While accumulating data demonstrate the health benefits of calorie restriction and resveratrol in experimental animal models, whether these interventions translate to patients with cardiovascular disease remains to be determined.
热量限制是最有效的营养干预措施之一，可重复性地预防肥胖、糖尿病和心血管疾病。最近的证据表明，即使在短时间内实施，热量限制也是治疗心血管疾病的一种安全有效的方法。在此，我们综述热量限制对心血管系统的影响以及白藜芦醇的生物学效应，白藜芦醇是研究最广泛的似乎能模拟热量限制的分子。对微阵列数据的概述表明，热量限制对心肌的转录作用与对白藜芦醇治疗的转录反应重叠。此外，热量限制和白藜芦醇调节相似的途径以改善线粒体功能、减少氧化应激并增加一氧化氮生成，这些过程参与动脉粥样硬化预防、血压降低、左心室肥厚减轻、心肌缺血损伤抵抗及心力衰竭预防。我们还综述了相关数据，这些数据表明热量限制和白藜芦醇对心血管系统的影响可能涉及通过沉默信息调节转录因子（SIRT）、Akt和AMP激活的蛋白激酶（AMPK）途径进行信号传导。虽然越来越多的数据证明了热量限制和白藜芦醇在实验动物模型中的健康益处，但这些干预措施是否适用于心血管疾病患者仍有待确定。
