Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK.
Br J Psychol. 2011 Aug;102(3):662-75. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.2011.02036.x. Epub 2011 Apr 26.
The present study examined mental health literacy among the British general public using the overclaiming technique, where participants rate for familiarity a series of items, some of which are foils resembling real items. In total, 344 Britons rated for familiarity 30 mental health disorders, of which six were foils, and also completed measures of the Big Five personality factors, self-rated intelligence, self-reported knowledge of psychiatry, psychiatric skepticism, and their personal details. Using signal detection analysis, responses on the overclaiming measure were used to compute an accuracy index (accuracy in distinguishing real mental health disorders from foils) and a response bias (the tendency to response affirmatively to both real disorders and foils). Preliminary analysis showed that there were no significant sex differences on either the accuracy or response bias indices. Further analyses showed that greater accuracy was significantly predicted by higher self-rated intelligence, greater knowledge of psychiatry, and lower psychiatric skepticism. These results are discussed in terms of the benefits of using the overclaiming technique and signal detection analysis in the study of mental health literacy.
本研究使用过度声称技术考察了英国普通大众的心理健康素养，其中参与者根据熟悉程度对一系列项目进行评分，其中一些是类似于真实项目的幌子。共有 344 名英国人根据熟悉程度对 30 种心理健康障碍进行了评分，其中 6 种是幌子，同时还完成了五大人格因素、自我评估智力、自我报告精神病学知识、精神病学怀疑和个人详细信息的测量。使用信号检测分析，过度声称测量中的反应用于计算准确性指数（区分真实心理健康障碍和幌子的准确性）和反应偏差（对真实障碍和幌子都肯定回答的趋势）。初步分析表明，在准确性或反应偏差指数上，性别差异不显著。进一步的分析表明，更高的自我评估智力、更多的精神病学知识和更低的精神病学怀疑显著预测更高的准确性。这些结果从使用过度声称技术和信号检测分析在心理健康素养研究中的益处方面进行了讨论。
