Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, 309 Regent Street, London W1B 2UW, UK.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2011 Mar;46(3):181-9. doi: 10.1007/s00127-010-0193-3. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
The present study examined the general public's ability to recognise mental health disorders and this ability's association with psychiatric scepticism, knowledge of psychiatry, and the Big Five personality factors. A total of 477 members of the British general public completed an overclaiming scale, in which they were asked to rate the degree to which they believed 20 mental health disorders (of which five were foils designed to resemble real disorders) were real or fake. Participants also completed a novel scale measuring psychiatric scepticism, a single-item measure of knowledge of psychiatry, and a measure of the Big Five personality factors. Results showed that participants were significantly more likely to rate foils as fake disorders than real disorders. In addition, the difference between real and foil ratings was significantly predicted by knowledge of psychiatry, psychiatric scepticism, and the Big Five personality factors of agreeableness and openness to experience. These results are discussed in relation to the overclaiming technique as a novel method to study mental health literacy.
本研究考察了公众识别心理健康障碍的能力，以及这种能力与精神病学怀疑论、精神病学知识和五大人格因素的关系。共有 477 名英国普通民众完成了一项夸大声称量表，要求他们评估 20 种心理健康障碍（其中 5 种是设计为模仿真实障碍的假象）的真实或虚假程度。参与者还完成了一项衡量精神病学怀疑论的新量表、一项衡量精神病学知识的单项措施以及一项衡量五大人格因素的措施。结果表明，参与者更有可能将假象评定为虚假障碍，而不是真实障碍。此外，真实和假象评分之间的差异显著受精神病学知识、精神病学怀疑论以及可同意性和开放性体验等五大人格因素的预测。这些结果与夸大声称技术作为一种研究心理健康素养的新方法进行了讨论。
