Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Intern Med. 2011 Nov;270(5):428-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2011.02427.x. Epub 2011 Aug 3.
The analysis of tissue-specific expression at both the gene and protein levels is vital for understanding human biology and disease. Antibody-based proteomics provides a strategy for the systematic generation of antibodies against all human proteins to combine with protein profiling in tissues and cells using tissue microarrays, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The Human Protein Atlas project was launched in 2003 with the aim of creating a map of protein expression patterns in normal cells, tissues and cancer. At present, 11,200 unique proteins corresponding to over 50% of all human protein-encoding genes have been analysed. All protein expression data, including underlying high-resolution images, are published on the free and publically available Human Protein Atlas portal (http://www.proteinatlas.org). This database provides an important source of information for numerous biomedical research projects, including biomarker discovery efforts. Moreover, the global analysis of how our genome is expressed at the protein level has provided basic knowledge on the ubiquitous expression of a large proportion of our proteins and revealed the paucity of cell- and tissue-type-specific proteins.
组织特异性的基因和蛋白水平表达分析对于理解人类生物学和疾病至关重要。基于抗体的蛋白质组学提供了一种策略，可以系统地生成针对所有人类蛋白的抗体，然后结合组织微阵列、免疫组织化学和免疫荧光技术，在组织和细胞中进行蛋白谱分析。人类蛋白质图谱项目于 2003 年启动，旨在创建正常细胞、组织和癌症中蛋白表达模式图谱。目前，已经分析了超过 50%的人类蛋白编码基因所对应的 11200 个独特蛋白。所有的蛋白表达数据，包括基础高分辨率图像，都在免费和公开的人类蛋白质图谱门户（http://www.proteinatlas.org）上发布。这个数据库为众多生物医学研究项目提供了重要的信息来源，包括生物标志物的发现工作。此外，对我们的基因组在蛋白水平上表达的全球分析提供了关于我们的大部分蛋白普遍表达的基本知识，并揭示了细胞和组织特异性蛋白的缺乏。
