Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, North Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Jul;17(7):1181-7. doi: 10.3201/eid1707.101959.
To estimate effectiveness of seasonal trivalent and monovalent influenza vaccines against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus, we conducted a test-negative case-control study in Victoria, Australia, in 2010. Patients seen for influenza-like illness by general practitioners in a sentinel surveillance network during 2010 were tested for influenza; vaccination status was recorded. Case-patients had positive PCRs for pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, and controls had negative influenza test results. Of 319 eligible patients, test results for 139 (44%) were pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus positive. Adjusted effectiveness of seasonal vaccine against pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus was 79% (95% confidence interval 33%-93%); effectiveness of monovalent vaccine was 47% and not statistically significant. Vaccine effectiveness was higher among adults. Despite some limitations, this study indicates that the first seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine to include the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus strain provided significant protection against laboratory-confirmed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 infection.
为了评估季节性三价和单价流感疫苗对 2009 年甲型流感（H1N1）大流行病毒的有效性，我们在 2010 年于澳大利亚维多利亚州开展了一项病例对照试验。在 2010 年，由哨点监测网络中的全科医生观察到的流感样疾病患者接受了流感检测；记录了疫苗接种情况。病例患者的 PCR 检测结果为大流行（H1N1）2009 病毒阳性，而对照组的流感检测结果为阴性。在 319 名合格患者中，有 139 名（44%）患者的检测结果为大流行（H1N1）2009 病毒阳性。季节性疫苗对大流行（H1N1）2009 病毒的调整有效性为 79%（95%置信区间为 33%-93%）；单价疫苗的有效性为 47%，且无统计学意义。疫苗的有效性在成年人中更高。尽管存在一些局限性，但本研究表明，第一批包含大流行（H1N1）2009 病毒株的季节性三价流感疫苗对实验室确诊的大流行（H1N1）2009 感染提供了显著保护。
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