Kelly H, Grant K
Epidemiology Unit, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Melbourne, Australia.
Euro Surveill. 2009 Aug 6;14(31):19288. doi: 10.2807/ese.14.31.19288-en.
Between May and September each year, influenza sentinel surveillance is conducted in general practices in Melbourne and the state of Victoria in southern Australia. We describe the first 11 weeks of sentinel surveillance in 2009 (weeks 18-28), during which time pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 virus became established, and investigate the protective effect of seasonal influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed infection caused by the pandemic virus. At the time of reporting, the peak ILI activity in 2009 had been reached and was similar to the peak recorded in 2007 but below the peak of 2003. The proportion of cases positive for any influenza virus increased from 6% in the first week of surveillance (week 18) to 59% by week 28, during which time the proportion of influenza viruses detected as pandemic influenza increased from zero to 95%, with at least 91% of all influenza viruses confirmed as pandemic influenza by the eighth week of surveillance (week 25). The median age of all 223 patients with pandemic influenza for whom age was known was 21 years (range 2-63 years) compared with the median age of 53 patients with seasonal H1N1 influenza in 2007 or 2008 of 23 years (range 1-75 years). There was no evidence of significant protection from seasonal vaccine against pandemic influenza virus infection in any age group.
每年5月至9月期间，在澳大利亚南部墨尔本及维多利亚州的普通诊所开展流感哨点监测。我们描述了2009年哨点监测的前11周（第18 - 28周），在此期间甲型H1N1流感大流行病毒开始流行，并调查了季节性流感疫苗对实验室确诊的大流行病毒感染的保护作用。在报告时，2009年流感样疾病（ILI）活动已达到高峰，与2007年记录的高峰相似，但低于2003年的高峰。任何流感病毒检测呈阳性的病例比例从监测第一周（第18周）的6%增加到第28周的59%，在此期间，检测为甲型H1N1流感大流行病毒的比例从零增加到95%，到监测第八周（第25周）时，所有流感病毒中至少91%被确认为甲型H1N1流感大流行病毒。已知年龄的所有223例甲型H1N1流感大流行患者的年龄中位数为21岁（范围2 - 63岁），而2007年或2008年53例季节性H1N1流感患者的年龄中位数为23岁（范围1 - 75岁）。没有证据表明季节性疫苗对任何年龄组的甲型H1N1流感大流行病毒感染有显著保护作用。
