Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Urology. 2011 Sep;78(3):701-6. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.02.051. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
To determine current practice patterns, we mailed a questionnaire regarding urethral stricture evaluation, treatment, and follow-up to members of the American Urological Association (AUA). The minimally invasive methods used for treating and evaluating anterior urethral strictures vary widely among clinicians.
A nationwide survey of practicing members of the AUA was performed by mailed questionnaires. Surveys were mailed to 1262 Urologists, randomly selected from all 50 states. Four-hundred thirty-one urologists (34%) completed the questionnaire and formed the basis for our analysis.
Most urologists (63%) treat 6-20 urethral strictures per year. The most common minimally invasive procedures used for managing anterior urethral strictures were dilation (92.8%), cold-knife optical internal urethrotomy (85.6%), endourethral stent (23.4%), laser urethrotomy (19%), and periurethral steroid injection after urethrotomy (7.9%). Most urologists will perform urethrotomy on bulbar strictures up to 2 cm (68.7%) and leave a Foley catheter in place for 1 week or less (86.5%). Technical method of urethrotomy is commonly 1 cut at 12 o'clock (86.3%) or radial cuts (12.1%). Recommended follow-up diagnostic tests after urethrotomy included flow rate (62.9%) and, to a lesser degree (with roughly one-third each), cystoscopy, urethral calibration, and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Other tests, such as ultrasonography or urethrography were rarely used.
Our survey provides information regarding current minimally invasive management and follow-up practice strategies recommended by members of the AUA for anterior urethral strictures. Many common practices in the treatment of anterior urethral stricture disease are not supported in the literature.
为了确定当前的实践模式,我们向美国泌尿协会(AUA)的成员发送了一份有关尿道狭窄评估、治疗和随访的问卷。治疗和评估前尿道狭窄的微创方法在临床医生中差异很大。
通过邮寄问卷对 AUA 的执业成员进行了全国性调查。调查邮寄给了随机抽取的来自 50 个州的 1262 名泌尿科医生。431 名泌尿科医生(34%)完成了问卷,成为我们分析的基础。
大多数泌尿科医生(63%)每年治疗 6-20 例尿道狭窄。用于治疗前尿道狭窄的最常见的微创程序是扩张(92.8%)、冷刀光学尿道内切开术(85.6%)、腔内支架(23.4%)、激光尿道切开术(19%)和尿道切开术后尿道周围类固醇注射(7.9%)。大多数泌尿科医生将在球部狭窄处进行尿道切开术,最大可达 2 厘米(68.7%),并将 Foley 导管放置在 1 周或更短时间内(86.5%)。尿道切开术的技术方法通常为 12 点钟处 1 刀(86.3%)或放射状切口(12.1%)。尿道切开术后推荐的随访诊断测试包括流量率(62.9%),程度稍低(各约三分之一)的是膀胱镜检查、尿道校准和国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)。其他测试,如超声检查或尿道造影很少使用。
我们的调查提供了有关当前微创管理和 AUA 成员推荐的前尿道狭窄随访策略的信息。在治疗前尿道狭窄疾病方面,许多常见的做法在文献中没有得到支持。