Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Bat 510, Université Paris XI, 91405 Orsay, France.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2011 Jul;25(3):160-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Jul 16.
Kidney stone disease, or nephrolithiasis, is a common ailment. Among the different risk factors usually associated with nephrolithiasis are dehydration, metabolic defects (especially with regard to calcium and oxalate). The presence of a mineral deposit at the surface of the renal papilla (termed Randall's plaque) has all been recently underlined. Of note, Randall's plaque is made of the calcium phosphate, carbapatite, and serves as a nucleus for kidney stone formation. The process by which apatite nanocrystals nucleate and form Randall's plaque remains unclear. This paper deals with the possible relationship between trace elements and the formation of this mineral. The investigation has been performed on a set of Randall's plaques, extracted from human kidney stones, through μ-X-ray diffraction and μ-X-ray fluorescence analyses in order to determine the chemical composition of the plaque as well as the nature and the amount of trace elements. Our data provide evidence that Zn levels are dramatically increased in carbapatite of RP by comparison to carbapatite in kidney stones, suggesting that calcified deposits within the medullar interstitium are a pathological process involving a tissue reaction. Further studies, perhaps including the investigation of biomarkers for inflammation, are necessary for clarifying the role of Zn in Randall's plaque formation.
肾结石病，又称肾结石，是一种常见疾病。通常与肾结石有关的不同危险因素包括脱水、代谢缺陷（特别是钙和草酸盐）。最近还强调了肾乳头表面矿物质沉积（称为兰德尔斑块）的存在。值得注意的是，兰德尔斑块由磷酸钙、碳磷灰石组成，是肾结石形成的核心。磷灰石纳米晶体成核并形成兰德尔斑块的过程尚不清楚。本文研究了微量元素与这种矿物质形成之间的可能关系。通过微 X 射线衍射和微 X 射线荧光分析，对从人肾结石中提取的一组兰德尔斑块进行了研究，以确定斑块的化学成分以及微量元素的性质和数量。我们的数据表明，与肾结石中的碳磷灰石相比，RP 中的碳磷灰石中的 Zn 水平显著增加，这表明髓质间质内的钙化沉积物是一种涉及组织反应的病理过程。需要进一步的研究，包括对炎症生物标志物的研究，以阐明 Zn 在兰德尔斑块形成中的作用。
