Max-Planck-Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hermann-Rein-Strasse 3, Göttingen, Germany.
Trends Cell Biol. 2011 Oct;21(10):585-93. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2011.06.004. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
The wrapping of multiple layers of myelin membrane sheets around an axon is of fundamental importance for the function of the nervous system. In the central nervous system (CNS) oligodendrocytes synthesize tremendous amounts of cellular membrane to form multiple myelin internodes of highly stable membranes with a specific set of tightly packed lipids and proteins. In recent years, mouse mutants have allowed great advances in our understanding of the functional and structural role of many of the major components of myelin. The challenge now is to extend this knowledge to unravel the molecular machinery and mechanisms required to synthesize, assemble and wrap myelin multiple times around an axon at the appropriate developmental time. Such insight will be essential in designing new therapeutic strategies to promote remyelination in demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis.
髓鞘膜片的多层包裹对于神经系统的功能至关重要。在中枢神经系统（CNS）中，少突胶质细胞合成大量的细胞膜，形成具有特定紧密排列的脂质和蛋白质的高度稳定的多个髓鞘节段。近年来，小鼠突变体使我们对髓鞘的许多主要成分的功能和结构作用有了很大的了解。现在的挑战是将这些知识扩展到阐明合成、组装和在适当的发育时间多次包裹轴突所需的分子机制和机制。这种洞察力对于设计新的治疗策略以促进脱髓鞘疾病（如多发性硬化症）中的髓鞘再生至关重要。
