Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, PR China.
J Pediatr Surg. 2011 Jul;46(7):1400-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.02.042.
The aim of this study was to study the effect of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) on the embryological development of anorectal malformations (ARMs) and the enteric nervous system.
Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: VAD group, normal group (negative control), and ethylene thiourea (ETU) group (positive control) with a normal diet. On day 20 of pregnancy, cesarean section was performed on all rats. The incidence of ARMs in the fetal rats and Protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) and S-100 protein expression by immunohistochemistry were determined.
The incidence of ARMs in VAD and ETU groups was 64.8% (59/91) and 45.9% (61/133), respectively (P > .05). Anorectal malformations were not found in the normal group. Protein gene product 9.5 and S-100 protein expression in the non-ARM rectums of the VAD group was lower than the ETU (P = .0156 vs P = .0105) and normal groups (P = .0091 vs P = .0024). There was no significant difference in PGP9.5 and S-100 protein expression between ETU and normal groups. In the ARM rectums, PGP9.5 and S-100 protein expression in the VAD group was lower than the ETU group (P < .0001). Protein gene product 9.5 and S-100 protein expression was also lower in ARM than non-ARM rectums in the VAD and ETU groups (P < .0001, P = .0203, and P = .0122, respectively).
Vitamin A deficiency during pregnancy may result in the embryological development of ARMs. Enteric nervous system development may be related to ARMs.
本研究旨在探讨维生素 A 缺乏（VAD）对肛门直肠畸形（ARM）和肠神经系统胚胎发育的影响。
雌性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为 3 组：VAD 组、正常组（阴性对照）和乙烯硫脲（ETU）组（阳性对照），给予正常饮食。在妊娠第 20 天，对所有大鼠进行剖宫产。通过免疫组织化学法测定胎儿大鼠 ARM 的发生率和蛋白基因产物 9.5（PGP9.5）和 S-100 蛋白的表达。
VAD 组和 ETU 组 ARM 的发生率分别为 64.8%（59/91）和 45.9%（61/133）（P>0.05）。正常组未发现 ARM。VAD 组非 ARM 直肠的 PGP9.5 和 S-100 蛋白表达低于 ETU 组（P=0.0156 比 P=0.0105）和正常组（P=0.0091 比 P=0.0024）。ETU 组和正常组之间 PGP9.5 和 S-100 蛋白表达无显著差异。在 ARM 直肠中，VAD 组的 PGP9.5 和 S-100 蛋白表达低于 ETU 组（P<0.0001）。VAD 组和 ETU 组的 ARM 直肠中 PGP9.5 和 S-100 蛋白表达也低于非 ARM 直肠（P<0.0001，P=0.0203，P=0.0122）。
妊娠期间维生素 A 缺乏可能导致 ARM 的胚胎发育。肠神经系统的发育可能与 ARM 有关。
