Hellberg Rosalee S Rasmussen, Morrissey Michael T
Food Science and Technology, Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97209, USA.
J Lab Autom. 2011 Aug;16(4):308-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jala.2010.07.004. Epub 2011 Jan 28.
Increased worldwide trade and processing of seafood has increased the potential for species substitution on the commercial market. To detect and prevent species substitution, several deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based methods have been developed that can be used to identify species in a variety of food types. For large-scale applications, such as regulatory screening, these methods must be rapid, cost-effective, reliable, and have high potential for automation. This review highlights recent technological advances in DNA-based identification methods, with a focus on seafood species identification in automated, high-throughput settings. Advances in DNA isolation methods include silica-based columns for use in high-throughput operations and magnetic bead particles for increased and targeted recovery of DNA. The three most widely used methods for seafood species identification (polymerase chain reaction [PCR] sequencing, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and species-specific PCR) will be discussed, with a focus on the incorporation of technologies such as rapid PCR cycling, microfluidic chips, and real-time PCR. Emerging methods, including DNA microarrays and next-generation sequencing will also be explored for their potential to identify seafood species on a large scale. Overall, many of the technological advances discussed here offer complementary properties that will enable species identification in a variety of settings and with a range of products.
全球海鲜贸易和加工的增加，提升了商业市场上物种替代的可能性。为了检测和防止物种替代，人们开发了几种基于脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）的方法，可用于识别各种食品类型中的物种。对于大规模应用，如监管筛查，这些方法必须快速、经济高效、可靠且具有高度自动化潜力。本综述重点介绍了基于DNA的识别方法的最新技术进展，尤其关注在自动化、高通量环境下的海鲜物种识别。DNA分离方法的进展包括用于高通量操作的硅胶柱以及用于提高DNA回收量和靶向回收的磁珠颗粒。将讨论三种最广泛用于海鲜物种识别的方法（聚合酶链反应[PCR]测序、PCR-限制性片段长度多态性和物种特异性PCR），重点关注快速PCR循环、微流控芯片和实时PCR等技术的应用。还将探讨新兴方法，包括DNA微阵列和下一代测序技术在大规模识别海鲜物种方面的潜力。总体而言，本文讨论的许多技术进展具有互补性，能够在各种环境下对一系列产品进行物种识别。
