Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2011 Oct;14(5):538-46. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2011.06.005. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
The timing and position of molecular components within the cell are clearly important in the context of signal transduction. One challenge in attaining correct cellular positioning is the nuclear envelope, which separates the cell into two fundamentally different compartments. Molecular passaging from one to the other is highly selective due to the required recognition by the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery. It is becoming increasingly clear that a highly diverse set of mechanisms have developed to allow environmental (biotic and abiotic) and endogenous signals to alter the nucleocytoplasmic partitioning of key molecules. In many cases this occurs by adjusting the access of the regulated species to the canonical import/export machinery. Recent studies are uncovering the sophistication and complexity of the processes that use the canonical transport machinery in the service of a diversity of signaling pathways.
细胞内分子成分的时间和位置在信号转导中显然很重要。在实现正确的细胞定位时面临的一个挑战是核膜，它将细胞分隔成两个截然不同的隔室。由于需要核质转运机制的识别，分子从一个隔室传递到另一个隔室是高度选择性的。越来越明显的是，已经开发出了多种机制来允许环境（生物和非生物）和内源性信号改变关键分子的核质分配。在许多情况下，这是通过调节被调控物质对规范的进出口机制的可及性来实现的。最近的研究揭示了利用规范运输机制为多种信号通路服务的过程的复杂性和精细性。
