Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX13QT, UK.
Neural Plast. 2011;2011:728395. doi: 10.1155/2011/728395. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
It is becoming increasingly apparent that the strength of GABAergic synaptic transmission is dynamic. One parameter that can establish differences in the actions of GABAergic synapses is the ionic driving force for the chloride-permeable GABA(A) receptor (GABA(A)R). Here we review some of the sophisticated ways in which this ionic driving force can vary within neuronal circuits. This driving force for GABA(A)Rs is subject to tight spatial control, with the distribution of Cl⁻ transporter proteins and channels generating regional variation in the strength of GABA(A)R signalling across a single neuron. GABA(A)R dynamics can result from short-term changes in their driving force, which involve the temporary accumulation or depletion of intracellular Cl⁻. In addition, activity-dependent changes in the expression and function of Cl⁻ regulating proteins can result in long-term shifts in the driving force for GABA(A)Rs. The multifaceted regulation of the ionic driving force for GABA(A)Rs has wide ranging implications for mature brain function, neural circuit development, and disease.
越来越明显的是，GABA 能性突触传递的强度是动态的。可以确定 GABA 能突触作用差异的一个参数是氯通透性 GABA(A)受体 (GABA(A)R) 的离子驱动力。在这里，我们回顾了一些复杂的方式，其中这种离子驱动力可以在神经元回路内发生变化。GABA(A)R 的驱动力受到严格的空间控制，Cl⁻转运蛋白和通道的分布在单个神经元中产生 GABA(A)R 信号强度的区域变化。GABA(A)R 的动力学可以源于其驱动力的短期变化，其中涉及细胞内 Cl⁻的临时积累或耗尽。此外，Cl⁻调节蛋白的表达和功能的活动依赖性变化可导致 GABA(A)R 的驱动力发生长期变化。GABA(A)R 的离子驱动力的多方面调节对成熟大脑功能、神经回路发育和疾病有广泛的影响。
