School of Social Work, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, MGY 132, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
J Relig Health. 2013 Sep;52(3):828-39. doi: 10.1007/s10943-011-9520-6.
The purpose of this study was to develop empirically based typologies of religiousness/spirituality (R/S) and to determine whether the typologies were related to health and well-being. The study used a nationally representative sample of adults (N=1,431). Using latent profile analysis, typologies were derived based on religious service attendance, prayer, positive religious coping, and daily spiritual experiences. Multivariate statistical tests were used to examine cluster differences in health and well-being. A four-class model was identified: highly religious, moderately religious, somewhat religious, and minimally religious or non-religious. The four classes were distinctively different in psychological well-being, in that the highly religious class was most likely to be happy and satisfied with finances and least likely to be psychologically distressed.
本研究旨在基于实证数据开发宗教/精神信仰（R/S）的分类，并确定这些分类是否与健康和幸福感相关。研究采用了全国代表性的成年人样本（N=1431）。研究使用潜在剖面分析，根据宗教服务参与度、祈祷、积极的宗教应对方式以及日常精神体验来构建分类。使用多变量统计检验来检验健康和幸福感方面的聚类差异。确定了一个四分类模型：高度宗教、中度宗教、有些宗教和最低限度宗教或非宗教。这四个分类在心理幸福感方面存在显著差异，其中高度宗教的类别最有可能感到快乐和对财务状况满意，而最不可能感到心理困扰。
