Kirchner Teresa, Ferrer Laia, Forns Maria, Zanini Daniela
University of Barcelona Spain Psychology School, Department of Personality and Psychological treatment, Instituto R3C, Spain.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2011 Jul-Aug;39(4):226-35. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
Deliberate self-harm, suicide intents and suicidal ideation are suicide risk symptoms in adolescence. The knowledge of their prevalence and associated characteristics is needed to prevent and treat them properly. The aims of the present study are: a) to analyse the presence of deliberate self-harm and suicidal ideation among a general adolescent population according to sex, b) to investigate the link between these two symptoms, calculating the risk ratio (RR) of self-harming behavior among adolescents with suicidal ideation, and c) to analyze the coping strategies used by adolescents with presence/absence of these behaviors. Participants are 1,171 Catalonian high school students (518 boys and 653 girls) aged 12 to 16 years. Self-harm behavior was assessed by means of YSR and coping strategies by means of CRI-Youth. Results indicate that the prevalence of self-harm behavior is 11.4% and the one for the suicidal ideation is 12.5%, percentages that are in accordance with the literature. No gender differences are found, but there is an increase with age in both types of risk behaviors. There is a significant link between deliberate self-harm and suicidal ideation. The RR indicates that the self-harming behavior is 10 times more likely to occur in the adolescents with suicidal ideation than in the adolescents without such ideation. The use of specific coping strategies differentiates between adolescents with presence/absence of these risk behaviors, especially in the case of girls. These findings may have important preventive value and contribute to the implementation of more effective treatments. Key words: Self-harm behavior, suicidal ideation, coping strategies, adolescence, sex differences.
蓄意自伤、自杀意图和自杀念头是青少年自杀风险的症状。了解它们的患病率及相关特征对于正确预防和治疗至关重要。本研究的目的是：a）根据性别分析普通青少年群体中蓄意自伤和自杀念头的存在情况；b）研究这两种症状之间的联系，计算有自杀念头的青少年中自伤行为的风险比（RR）；c）分析有/无这些行为的青少年所采用的应对策略。研究对象为1171名年龄在12至16岁之间的加泰罗尼亚高中生（518名男生和653名女生）。通过青少年自我报告（YSR）评估自伤行为，通过青少年应对方式量表（CRI-Youth）评估应对策略。结果表明，自伤行为的患病率为11.4%，自杀念头的患病率为12.5%，这些百分比与文献一致。未发现性别差异，但两种风险行为均随年龄增长而增加。蓄意自伤与自杀念头之间存在显著联系。风险比表明，有自杀念头的青少年发生自伤行为的可能性是没有这种念头的青少年的10倍。特定应对策略的使用在有/无这些风险行为的青少年之间存在差异，尤其是在女孩中。这些发现可能具有重要的预防价值，并有助于实施更有效的治疗。关键词：自伤行为、自杀念头、应对策略、青少年、性别差异
