Poorolajal Jalal, Majdzadeh Reza
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Res Med Sci. 2009 Jul;14(4):249-58.
Hepatitis B virus infection is a major public health problem worldwide. Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in which hepatitis B prevalence is intermediate. The aim of this study is to assess prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection in Iran according to demographic characteristics. All cross-sectional studies concerning prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection in Iran were included irrespective of date and language. The outcome of interest was prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection confirmed by blood specimen positive for HBsAg. The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection was estimated about 1.7% or lower in general population; 0.8% (95% CI: 0.6% to 0.9%) in blood donors and 3.2% (95% CI: 2.3% to 4.1%) in intravenous drug users and varied from zero to 1.5% in beta thalassemic patients. Since mass vaccination in 1993, prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection has being reduced among children and adolescents. This reduction can be attributed to the effectiveness of the national immunization program and it may impact on reduction of prevalence of hepatitis B infection in general population.
乙型肝炎病毒感染是全球主要的公共卫生问题。伊朗伊斯兰共和国是一个乙肝患病率处于中等水平的国家。本研究的目的是根据人口统计学特征评估伊朗慢性乙型肝炎感染的患病率。纳入了所有关于伊朗慢性乙型肝炎感染患病率的横断面研究，无论其日期和语言。感兴趣的结果是通过乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）血标本阳性确诊的慢性乙型肝炎感染患病率。慢性乙型肝炎感染的患病率在一般人群中估计约为1.7%或更低；在献血者中为0.8%（95%置信区间：0.6%至0.9%），在静脉吸毒者中为3.2%（95%置信区间：2.3%至4.1%），在β地中海贫血患者中从零到1.5%不等。自1993年大规模接种疫苗以来，儿童和青少年中慢性乙型肝炎感染的患病率一直在下降。这种下降可归因于国家免疫规划的有效性，并且可能会对一般人群中乙型肝炎感染患病率的降低产生影响。
