Chen Xiang-Hua, Tang Zheng-De, Sun Ting
Department of Cardiac Function, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
Zhonghua Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2011 Mar;27(2):89-91.
To analyze the relationship between cleft severity and incidence of associated heart defect in children with isolated cleft palate (CP), as well as the characteristics of the heart defect.
From Aug 2008 and Dec 2009, a total 416 children with CP underwent echocardiogram, and were divided into complete and incomplete CP groups. Then each group was further classified as unilateral or bilateral groups. Incomplete CP was subdivided into submucous cleft palate, soft palate cleft, hard and soft palate cleft. The associated heart defects were recorded and analyzed in each group. The data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 13.0. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidence between groups.
In the series of 416 patients, 46 (11.1%) children were found to have an associated congenital heart disease. The incidence of heart defect was 9.9% (38/384) in the incomplete cleft group, and 25% (8/32) in the complete cleft group, showing a significant difference between the two groups ( F = 6.852, P < 0.05). Atrial septal defect was the most common heart defect, which accounted for 52.2% (24/46) of all associated heart malformations.
Compared to incomplete cleft palate, complete cleft palate has a higher risk of heart defect. Cleft severity may be a predictor for congenital heart diseases in cleft palate. Routine echocardiogram should be considered in CP patients.
分析单纯腭裂患儿腭裂严重程度与合并心脏缺陷发生率之间的关系，以及心脏缺陷的特征。
2008年8月至2009年12月，共416例腭裂患儿接受了超声心动图检查，并分为完全性腭裂组和不完全性腭裂组。然后每组再进一步分为单侧或双侧组。不完全性腭裂又细分为黏膜下腭裂、软腭裂、软硬腭裂。记录并分析每组合并的心脏缺陷情况。采用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。采用卡方检验比较组间发生率。
在这416例患者中，46例（11.1%）患儿被发现合并先天性心脏病。不完全性腭裂组心脏缺陷发生率为9.9%（38/384），完全性腭裂组为25%（8/32），两组间差异有统计学意义（F = 6.852，P < 0.05）。房间隔缺损是最常见的心脏缺陷，占所有合并心脏畸形的52.2%（24/46）。
与不完全性腭裂相比，完全性腭裂合并心脏缺陷的风险更高。腭裂严重程度可能是腭裂患儿先天性心脏病的一个预测指标。腭裂患者应考虑常规进行超声心动图检查。
