The isolation of the acid phosphatase-1 gene of Drosophila melanogaster and a chromosomal breakpoint inducing its position effect variegation.

Over 120 kb of contiguous genomic DNA sequence derived from the 99C-99D region of the Drosophila melanogaster third chromosome were isolated by molecular cloning. Sequences within this region required for the expression of the lysosomal gene-enzyme system acid phosphatase-1 (Acph-1) were identified by both P element-mediated germline transformation and transient expression and lie within a single 5 kb fragment. Acph-1 is encoded by a 2.1 kb poly(A)+ RNA transcript, which is expressed throughout development. Enzyme activity peaks also correlate with increases in RNA abundance. The ca-74 deletion, which exhibits position effect variegation at the Acph-1 gene (Frisardi and MacIntyre 1984), was also partially characterized. The variegating ca-74 breakpoint is located approximately 20 kb proximal to the Acph-1 gene. Results suggest that the heterochromatin at this breakpoint comprises highly repetitive or satellite DNA.