School of Optometry & Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Aug 29;52(9):6849-59. doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-6755.
In uncorrected anisometropia, protracted dichoptic stimulation may result in interocular inhibition, which may be a contributing factor in amblyopia development. This study investigates the relationship between interocular interactions and anisometropic amblyopia.
Three visual functions (low-contrast acuity, contrast sensitivity, and alignment sensitivity) were measured in the nondominant eye of 44 children aged 5 to 11 years: 10 with normal vision, 17 with anisometropia without amblyopia, and 17 with anisometropic amblyopia. The dominant eye was either fully or partially occluded. The difference in nondominant eye visual function between the full-and partial-occlusion conditions was termed the interaction index. The index of each visual function was compared between subject groups. A higher index indicates stronger inhibition of nondominant eye function with partial occlusion of the dominant eye. Amblyopic children had 6 months of therapy (refractive correction and occlusion), and the reduction in interocular difference in high-contrast acuity was regarded as the treatment outcome. The relationships of the interaction index with the degree of anisometropia, the severity of amblyopia, and the treatment outcomes were examined.
The acuity interaction index was significantly higher in anisometropic children with amblyopia than in those without (P = 0.003). It was positively correlated with the degree of anisometropia (r(s) = 0.35, P = 0.042) and the amblyopic treatment outcomes (r(s) = 0.54, P = 0.038). No such difference or association was found between the contrast sensitivity or alignment sensitivity interaction index and anisometropic amblyopia.
Interocular interactions are associated with amblyopia, the degree of anisometropia, and amblyopia treatment outcomes, but these associations are visual function dependent.
在未经矫正的屈光参差中，长时间的双眼视刺激可能导致眼间抑制，这可能是弱视发展的一个因素。本研究探讨了眼间相互作用与屈光参差性弱视之间的关系。
测量了 44 名 5 至 11 岁儿童非主导眼的 3 种视觉功能（低对比度视力、对比敏感度和对准敏感度）：10 名视力正常，17 名屈光不正但无弱视，17 名屈光参差性弱视。主导眼被完全或部分遮盖。主导眼完全和部分遮盖时非主导眼视觉功能的差异称为相互作用指数。比较各组间各视觉功能的指数。指数越高，表明主导眼部分遮盖时对非主导眼功能的抑制作用越强。弱视儿童接受了 6 个月的治疗（屈光矫正和遮盖），高对比度视力的眼间差异减少被视为治疗结果。检查了相互作用指数与屈光参差程度、弱视严重程度和治疗结果的关系。
屈光参差性弱视儿童的视力相互作用指数明显高于无弱视儿童（P = 0.003）。它与屈光参差程度呈正相关（r(s) = 0.35，P = 0.042），与弱视治疗结果呈正相关（r(s) = 0.54，P = 0.038）。对比度敏感度或对准敏感度相互作用指数与屈光参差性弱视之间无差异或无相关性。
眼间相互作用与弱视、屈光参差程度和弱视治疗结果有关，但这些相关性取决于视觉功能。
